Non-radioactive elements for prompt gamma enhancement in proton therapy

Galanakou, Panagiota; Leventouri, Th.; Muhammad, Wazir

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110132

Cited by 2 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…TOol for PArticle Simulation (TOPAS) Monte Carlo (MC) package version 3.5 was utilized [14] to create our simulation code based on the geometry and physics settings selected by [13] Galanakou et. al.…”

Section: Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, we simulated the PG energy spectra for 75, 100, and 200 MeV incident proton energies in the full water-filled geometry to characterize the origin of the peaks and replicate similar PG spectra [13]. Then, we inserted the smallest weight (wt) % fractions of the 19 F, 17 O, and 127 I elements that resulted in the greatest P1 and/ or P2 production increase [13] in the inner cylinder. We assume that the non-radioactive elements fully diffused in the inner cylinder and that the mixture is dissolved.…”

Section: Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Krimmer et al [4] suggest the major issue that entangles the clinical implementation of PG technology is the low PG production statistics. To alleviate this issue and assist the already developed technologies, Galanakou et al [13] recently suggested that injecting a weight % of the non-radioactive elements 19 F, 17 O, and 127 I in a hypothetical tumor area increases the PG statistics in the energy range that has already been linked to proton range verification in vivo. This technique has only been proven by simulations, and it appears very promising.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar trends were found for the 100-MeV incident proton beam. With a 200-MeV incident proton beam energy injection of 1% up to 15% 127 I, the P2 statistics increased up to 16% [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we present the dosimetric characteristics of injecting 19 F, 17 O, and 127 I in a hypothetical tumor area that is irradiated with 75, 100, and 200 MeV incident proton energies, respectively, in mixture compositions that were previously found [13] to increase at maximum the PG statistics of P1 and P2. Emphasis is given to dose deposition comparisons with and without the addition of the stable elements to check if the proposed theory alters the expected dose distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Dosimetric effects of inserted non-radioactive elements in a tumor area in proton therapy

Galanakou,

Leventouri,

Muhammad

2023

Front. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Various prompt gamma (PG) ray-based techniques have been proposed to monitor the proton range during treatment, but the poor PG statistics produced entangle their clinical application. Recently, we developed a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation model for the enhancement of PG production based on the nuclear cross section of protons with the material transversed, via inserting the non-radioactive elements 19F, 17O, and 127I in a hypothetical tumor area. This work aimed to study the dose distribution changes caused by the addition of specific % weight fractions of PG enhancers in a water medium using MC simulations.Methods: Our MC model was created using the TOPAS MC package and retaining identical geometries, mixture compositions, and incident proton energies (75, 100, and 200 MeV, respectively) previously tested for the PG statistics enhancement. The total dose deposition in water and in mixture compositions that have been found to maximally increase the PG production was scored and evaluated based on the important dosimetric metrics R90, Bragg peak (BP) width, and full width at half maximum (FWHM). Furthermore, the spatial correlation of PG emissions relative to BPs was also studied and compared on the basis of the BP decrease at R90.Results and Discussion: There is no significant change in total dose deposition except for 127I. However, dose curve shifts in R90 toward shallower depth, followed by steeper BP and reduced FWHM, were observed in all cases. The percentage changes vary with incident proton energies and mixture compositions. The addition of the stable elements had no effect on the PG spatial emission. The dosimetric study reveals that the addition of the tested stable elements did not change the dose distribution and did not alter the dose deposited by secondary particles. Since their addition increases the electron density of the medium, the shift of BP to shallower depths is linked with the mixture composition changes. Furthermore, a steeper BP value is observed that could be beneficial for OAR avoidance. Since this theoretical study of using 19F, 17O, and 127I as PG enhancers is promising from a dosimetric point of view, experimental studies are necessary to determine their clinical application feasibility.

show abstract

Section: Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar trends were found for the 100-MeV incident proton beam. With a 200-MeV incident proton beam energy injection of 1% up to 15% 127 I, the P2 statistics increased up to 16% [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Dosimetric effects of inserted non-radioactive elements in a tumor area in proton therapy

Galanakou,

Leventouri,

Muhammad

2023

Front. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Zinc-Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Proton-Activatable Agent for Dose Range Verification in Proton Therapy

Ibáñez-Moragues,

Fernández-Barahona,

Santacruz

et al. 2023

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Proton therapy allows the treatment of specific areas and avoids the surrounding tissues. However, this technique has uncertainties in terms of the distal dose fall-off. A promising approach to studying the proton range is the use of nanoparticles as proton-activatable agents that produce detectable signals. For this, we developed an iron oxide nanoparticle doped with Zn (IONP@Zn-cit) with a hydrodynamic size of 10 nm and stability in serum. Cytotoxicity, defined as half of the surveillance, was 100 μg Zn/mL in the U251 cell line. The effect on clonogenic cell death was tested after X-ray irradiation, which suggested a radioprotective effect of these nanoparticles at low concentrations (1–10 μg Zn/mL). To evaluate the production of positron emitters and prompt-gamma signals, IONP@Zn-cit was irradiated with protons, obtaining prompt-gamma signals at the lowest measured concentration (10 mg Zn/mL). Finally, 67Ga-IONP@Zn-cit showed accumulation in the liver and spleen and an accumulation in the tumor tissue of 0.95% ID/g in a mouse model of U251 cells. These results suggest the possibility of using Zn nanoparticles as proton-activatable agents to verify the range by prompt gamma detection and face the challenges of prompt gamma detection in a specific biological situation, opening different avenues to go forward in this field.

show abstract

Non-radioactive elements for prompt gamma enhancement in proton therapy

Cited by 2 publications

References 37 publications

Dosimetric effects of inserted non-radioactive elements in a tumor area in proton therapy

Dosimetric effects of inserted non-radioactive elements in a tumor area in proton therapy

Zinc-Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Proton-Activatable Agent for Dose Range Verification in Proton Therapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About