Non-random Chromosome Changes in Human Cancer

Miles, Charles P.

doi:10.1038/bjc.1974.115

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…56 Each alteration, whether an initiating or a progression-associated event, may be mediated through a gross chromosomal change and therefore has the potential to be cytogenetically visible. Although the mechanisms whereby neoplastic cells become less genetically stable and develop specific, nonrandom chromosomal aberrations are poorly understood, it has been hypothesized that some neoplasia-producing mutations may inactivate a repair locus, as one of many pleotrophic effects, thus facilitating later numerical and structural karyotypic change^.^*-^^-^^ Conversely, another hypothesis is that the persistence of the carcinogen in the tumor or simply a nutritional insufficiency in the microenvironment might predispose aberrant cellular division.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and Prognostic Importance of Chromosomal Aberrations Identified in 61 Dogs with Lymphosarcoma

et al. 1994

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Abstract. To determine the diagnostic and/or prognostic importance of chromosomal aberrations identified in dogs with malignant (non-Hodgkin's) lymphoma, clinical stages for 6 1 dogs with lymphosarcoma were determined, the lymph node(s) were histopathologically graded, and the malignant tissue lymphocytes were karyotyped. The results from life table survival curve analysis demonstrated that first remission length and survival time were significantly longer in 15 of 6 1 (25%) dogs that had a trisomy of chromosome 13 as the primary chromosomal aberration than in those dogs (46/61, 75%) with other primary chromosomal aberrations ( P < 0.05). Sex, age, weight, histopathologic subtype and grade, World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage, WHO and modified Karnofsky performance status, chromosomal modal number, and treatment protocol were of no prognostic importance in predicting first remission length or survival time ( P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis did not identify a significant correlation between the prognostic groups or within the various prognostic subsets (P > 0.05). The pathogenesis of canine and human non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, as observed cytogenetically, differs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and Prognostic Importance of Chromosomal Aberrations Identified in 61 Dogs with Lymphosarcoma

et al. 1994

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“…The clonal evolution of kar yotype is in keeping with the prominent chromosome instability typical of malignant cells. Most tumours appear to evolve by non-random losses and/or gains of particu lar homologues, groups or markers [Miles, 1974] . Indeed in animal experiments the appearance of certain markers has been linked to oncogenic causative agents [DiPaolo, 1977],…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal Evolution of Marker Chromosomes in a Case of Myelofibrosis with Myeloid Metaplasia and Myeloblastic Transformation

et al. 1979

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The diverse spectrum of acquired chromosome abnormalities in a female patient with myelofibrosis and myeloid metaplasia is described. A sequence of karyotypic evolution involving a ring chromosome is postulated. The terminal clinical picture was unusual in that there was obstructive renal failure from extramedullary myeloblastic transformation and infiltration of the bladder, and this was also present in other sites. Initially neutrophils showed low alkaline phosphatase activity but latterly two distinct populations in which cells had either high activity or none.

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“…This interpretation can be made from the karyotypic analysis of a number of human tumor cell lines determined by polymorphic enzyme analysis to be a contamination group Whether the demonstration of a few identical marker chromosomes in two or more cell lines carries sufficient weight to declare them as cross-contaminated has become more problematical as a consequence of recent karyotypic studies of human tumors and tumor cell lines with chromosome banding techniques. These studies have shown that specific translocations and other karyotypic modifications involving a nonrandom selection of chromosomes occur frequently and can be correlated with specific types of cancer (63)(64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69)(70). Therefore, tumor cell lines derived from tumors of different patients with certain types of cancer could be expected, in some cases, to have certain similar marker chromosomes.…”

Section: Constancy Of Phenotypes Shown Inmentioning

confidence: 99%