Non–Registered Abstracts

Abstract

The problem of a stroke is the focus the medical community that is caused high rates of morbidity, mortality and disability of the survived patients (85%). The purpose of research is studying of risk factors (RF) of stroke. Methods: Prevalence of risk factors and their influence on development of a fatal outcome in 853 patients with a stroke is studied. The outcome of a stroke was estimated for the 28th day from the beginning of a disease. All available sources of information were used: data of interview and examination of the patients, interview to relatives, patient's records, cards of the outpatient, cards of calls of ambulance and the medical death certificates. Results: The rate of stroke in men was 45,5%, women -54,5%. The prevalence of arterial hypertension was 79,4% (women > men). AH of stage I met more often at the survived patients while AH of stage II and III prevailed in group of the dead. The most of patients with AH didn't receive regular hypotensive therapy (72,97%). It was noticed that patients were treated more often sporadically or not treated absolutely in group of the dead. The prevalence of smoking was 30,4% in the studied group (men > women). Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases was 44,2% (women > men). The obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremities takes a leading place among vascular diseases, and ischemic heart disease (IHD) -among heart diseases which main form is angina pectoris. IHD is associated more often with a fatal outcome. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation was 16,8% in the studied group (women > men). The myocardial infarction was observed in 13.3% among the examined patients. This indicator was much higher at men, than at women. Diabetes mellitus was revealed at 14,4%, prevalence was much higher at women. When comparing the groups which survived and died it is established that diabetes mellitus is associated with a fatal stroke more often. Frequency of all RF was higher in the group of the died patients. It is established that one RF is observed at 20,98% examined. The most of patients had a combination of two (33,2%), three (25,2%), four (12,7%), five and more (3,9%) RF. Conclusion: AH (79,4%), heart diseases (44,2%) and smoking (30,4%) are the most significant RF of a stroke in the studied population. The prevalence of smoking is 7 times higher, of myocardial infarction is twice higher in group of men. AH, heart diseases meet in group of women more often, prevalence of diabetes mellitus is 3 times higher. AH stage II and III, absence or an irregularity of reception the antihypertensive drugs, existence of angina pectoris, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus were the adverse factors influencing a stroke outcome. Results of the analysis of material give the chance to develop reasonable recommendations about prevention and the organization of medical care by the patient with acute cerebrovascular disease.