Non-reproductive Risk Factors of Uterovaginal Prolapse- the Lesser Known Perils

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the non-reproductive risk factors associated with uterovaginal prolapse (UVP) which is a major health concern of women.Methods: This was a hospital-based case control study, carried out in the Gynaecology Department of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH) over one year from 13th April 2011 to 12th April 2012). Cases comprised of 116 women with UVP, second degree or more and controls were women without prolapse of the same age group within five years admitted subsequently after the cases. The variables studied were medical disorders like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/chronic cough, constipation; smoking, family history of prolapse and body mass index (BMI). The p-value and odds ratio (OR) for each risk factor were calculated. Multivariate analysis was done for those risk factors found to be significant from the univariate analysis. Results: Smoking, family history of prolapse and low BMI were found to be significant risk factors from univariate analysis. Only two risk factors- family history of prolapse with OR 5.52 (2.11-14.49) and being underweight with OR 15.38 (1.88-125), were found to be significant by multivariate analysis.Conclusion: Providing good nutrition and preventing malnourishment in postmenopausal women, imparting awareness about increased risk in women with history of prolapse in first degree relatives and educating about the perils of smoking could contribute in reducing morbidity due to prolapse.

Determinants of pelvic organ prolapse at public hospitals in Hawassa city, Southern Ethiopia, 2020: unmatched case control study

“…The finding is consistently in line with two studies from Nepal [21,22] but one study from Nepal on reproductive risk factor reported in contrary to this finding that birth spacing had no association with POP. This might be due to difference in study participants or sample size [23] It was seen in the present study that in comparison with women having no history of induced labor, those with history of induced labor were 4.4 times more likely to experience POP. This was consistent with study from Nepal and was also statistically in line with scientific hypothesis that medical induction of labor might result in highly strong uterine contraction which in turn leads to more painful labor resulting in pressure imbalance on uterus supportive tissue and this pressure differential has important implications for the stresses placed on the support system and cause the tissues to never fully regain its strength and elasticity [3,24] In this study, the odds of having POP was 5.3 times more likely among woman's with history of fundal pressure during their child birth by birth attendants than the counterparts.…”

“…The finding is consistently in line with two studies from Nepal [ 21 , 22 ] but one study from Nepal on reproductive risk factor reported in contrary to this finding that birth spacing had no association with POP. This might be due to difference in study participants or sample size [ 23 ]…”

Determinants of Pelvic Organ Prolapse at Public Hospitals in Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia, 2020: Unmatched Case Control Study

“…The nding is consistently in line with two studies from Nepal (21,22) but one study from Nepal on reproductive risk factor reported in contrary to this nding that birth spacing had no association with POP. This might be due to difference in study participants or sample size (23) It was seen in the present study that in comparison with women having no history of induced labor, those with history of induced labor were 4.4 times more likely to experience POP. This was consistent with study from Nepal and was also statistically in line with scienti c hypothesis that medical induction of labor might result in highly strong uterine contraction which in turn leads to more painful labor resulting in pressure imbalance on uterus supportive tissue and this pressure differential has important implications for the stresses placed on the support system and cause the tissues to never fully regain its strength and elasticity (3,24) In this study, the odds of having POP was 5.3 times more likely among women's with history of fundal pressure during their child birth by birth attendants than the counterparts.…”