Non State-Wide Parties in Spain: An Attitudinal Study of Nationalism and Regionalism

Introduction: Re-conceptualizing Sub-state Mobilization

“…Political actors advocating sub-state territorial demands have, for example, been described as ethnic parties (Horowitz, 1985;Lane et al, 1991), peripheral movements (Lipset and Rokkan, 1967;Rokkan and Urwin, 1983), nationalist (Coakley, 1992;Conversi, 1997;Aguilera de Prat, 2002), ethnonationalist (Connor, 1977), ethnoterritorial (Rudolph and Thompson, 1985), minority nationalist (Lynch, 1996;Elias, 2008a), stateless nationalist (Keating, 1996;Guibernau, 1999), regional nationalist (Van Atta, 2003), autonomist (Seiler, 1982;De Winter et al, 2006), regionalist (Brancati, 2007;Jolly, 2007;Van Houten, 2007;Dandoy and Sandri, 2007;Hepburn, 2009a), or non-state-wide parties (De Winter, 1994;Pallares et al, 1997). Often, scholars use these labels interchangeably in their writings (even within the same essay).…”

Intergovernmental Arrangements in Spanish and Swiss Federalism: the Impact of Power-Concentrating and Power-Sharing Executives on Intergovernmental Institutionalization

“…The interest configuration has developed towards three main weights which rather increases the intra-horizontal conflict potential. 22 The growing presence of regional parties participating in regional executives has been a major factor (see Pallarés et al, 1997) which-despite the lower number of overlapping government configurations-has increased the conflict potential on the horizontal level. Simultaneously, intra-horizontal conflict is nourished by the vertical linkages between the regional and national branches of the PP and PSOE, through which national divides impact directly on regional interaction (Grau I Creus, 2000) reinforcing competitive horizontal dynamics.…”

Regional Nationalist Parties and Constitutional Change in Parliamentary Democracies: A Framework for Analysis

“…This article refers to them as regional nationalist parties because they contest elections in a geographically delimited territory and advance the interests of its inhabitants, which share a sense of collective consciousness as a national or political community. This term has the advantage of being more encompassing than the term ethnic or ethno-regionalist party (Horowitz, 1985;Newman, 1997), which is limited to ethnic groups that usually share a common language, while being more specific than the term regionalist, autonomist or non-state-wide party (Pallares et al, 1997;De Winter and Tursan, 1998;De Winter et al, 2006), a term that could equally apply to mainstream parties with a limited geographical basis of electoral support and that do not necessarily speak on behalf of a distinct nation. 2 Mair and Mudde (1998: 222) consider that regional parties do not constitute a party family because they cover the full spectrum on the left-right dimension, suggesting that "the group might be more usefully dispersed among other competing families".…”