Non-Structural Flood Management in European Rural Mountain Areas—Are Scientists Supporting Implementation?

Conitz, Felix; Zingraff‐Hamed, Aude; Lupp, Gerd; Pauleit, Stephan

doi:10.3390/hydrology8040167

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…Complementing structural measures are non-structural and nature-based solutions aimed at flood prevention and mitigation (Conitz et al, 2021). Non-structural measures aim to minimise flood risks, reduce damage and increase community resilience without relying on physical alterations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of RS and GIS in assessing flood risk: A Case Study on Istanbul - Esenyurt

ÖZER,

YALÇINER ERCOŞKUN

2024

JCUA

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Floods, exacerbated by escalating urbanization, pose significant threats to life and property globally. Over the past decade, the Esenyurt district in Istanbul has witnessed a series of floods, highlighting existing flood risks. Rapid population growth in this area and dense urbanization caused by intensive construction increase flood risks. Given these factors, the study focuses on examining the historical impact of urbanization on flood risks, considering spatial and temporal changes. Landsat-8 satellite data, specifically examining NDVI, NDBI, and BU, was employed to detect building imprints and reveal their historical backgrounds for temporal risk calculations. The analysis showed a sudden increase in urbanization rates in 2016, 2017, and 2021. In the flood risk calculations, 2014 data for a return period of 100 years were used and flood inundation depth, economic damages, affected population and depth-damage function were taken into consideration. The results indicate that from 2014 to 2022, increasing urbanization led to a 32.9% increase in the population affected by floods, a 22.3% rise in potential economic damage, and a 13.6% increase in total flood risk. The relationship between flood risks, contemporary urbanization, and its economic dimensions has been evaluated to reduce risks and achieve sustainable cities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of RS and GIS in assessing flood risk: A Case Study on Istanbul - Esenyurt

ÖZER,

YALÇINER ERCOŞKUN

2024

JCUA

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“…Flood management can be broadly defined as improving our ability to handle flood hazards with a focus on ensuring that development initiatives do not increase vulnerability to floods [40]. Many structural and non-structural strategies can be implemented to mitigate the effects of urban flooding [17,[41][42][43]. To recognise, forecast, and minimise the adverse effects of flooding and plan and manage responses within drainage basins, it is essential to integrate different progressive and innovative hydrological models and predictive tools [44,45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Hydrological Modeling for Watershed Analysis, Flood Prediction, and Mitigation Using Meteorological and Morphometric Data, SCS-CN, HEC-HMS/RAS, and QGIS

El-Bagoury,

Gad

2024

Water

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Flooding is a natural disaster with extensive impacts. Desert regions face altered flooding patterns owing to climate change, water scarcity, regulations, and rising water demands. This study assessed and predicted flash flood hazards by calculating discharge volume, peak flow, flood depth, and velocity using the Hydrologic Engineering Centre-River Analysis System and Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS) software. We employed meteorological and morphological data analyses, incorporating the soil conservation service (SCS) curve number method for precipitation losses and the SCS-Hydrograph for runoff transformation. The model was applied to two drainage basins (An-Nawayah and Al-Rashrash) in southeastern Cairo, Egypt, which recently encountered several destructive floods. The applied model revealed that 25-, 50-, and 100-year storms produced runoff volumes of 2461.8 × 103, 4299.6 × 103, and 5204.5 × 103 m3 for An-Nawayah and 6212 × 103, 8129.4 × 103, and 10,330.6 × 103 m3 for Al-Rashrash, respectively. Flood risk levels, categorised as high (35.6%), extreme (21.9%), and medium (21.12%) were assessed in low- and very-low-hazard areas. The study highlighted that the areas closer to the Nile River mouth faced greater flood impacts from torrential rain. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of these methods in assessing and predicting flood risk. As a mitigation measure, this study recommends the construction of five 10 m high dams to create storage lakes. This integrated approach can be applied to flood risk assessment and mitigation in comparable regions.

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“…Modeling flood hazard refers to defining hydraulic events and the system performance analysis such as event and fault trees (Rosqvist et al, 2013, CIRIA et al, 2013, Van et al, 2022). Flood mitigation attempts to limit the extent of flood damage and loss of life (Snieder et al, 2020) using structural elements (e.g., levees, dunes, sea walls, and dams) and nonstructural elements (e.g., risk assessment, risk management, governance, and early flood warning systems) as described in Tasseff et al (2019) and Conitz et al (2021). The second step of flood risk management is to map flood hazards and assets of the area (material properties, economic damages, casualties, and immaterial values).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A probabilistic approach to levee reliability based on sliding, backward erosion and overflowing mechanisms: Application to an inspired Canadian case study

Mainguenaud

Peyras

Khan

et al. 2023

J Flood Risk Management

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Improving protection against fluvial floods requires a better estimation of levee failure. We developed an assessment method of levee failure probabilities for sliding, backward erosion, and overflowing each represented by fragility curves. We tested two approaches to aggregate those fragility curves into a global fragility curve respectively using: an enveloping curve and Monte‐Carlo simulations. We implemented this approach to earthen levee reliability for several flood return periods to the Bow River in Calgary, Canada. We used limit equilibrium method to estimate the safety factor of the levee segment and Monte‐Carlo simulations to estimate sliding probabilities. We used Terzaghi's critical hydraulic gradient to estimate backward erosion failure probabilities. The estimation of overflowing probabilities required expert judgment. We discussed how the choice of the hydraulic gradient area and the consideration of a steady state or transient model impact backward erosion failure probabilities. The results showed for our study case that, even though the transient model is a closer representation of reality, the levee saturation parameter has little impact on hydraulic gradient values, by extension, on sliding and backward erosion failure probabilities. The Monte‐Carlo aggregated fragility curve is more realistic than the envelop curve of the failure mechanisms for an equivalent computation time.

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Non-Structural Flood Management in European Rural Mountain Areas—Are Scientists Supporting Implementation?

Cited by 16 publications

References 134 publications

Integration of RS and GIS in assessing flood risk: A Case Study on Istanbul - Esenyurt

Integration of RS and GIS in assessing flood risk: A Case Study on Istanbul - Esenyurt

Integrated Hydrological Modeling for Watershed Analysis, Flood Prediction, and Mitigation Using Meteorological and Morphometric Data, SCS-CN, HEC-HMS/RAS, and QGIS

A probabilistic approach to levee reliability based on sliding, backward erosion and overflowing mechanisms: Application to an inspired Canadian case study

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