Non-syndromic trigonocephaly: surgical decision making and long-term cosmetic results

Abstract

Metopic synostosis can result in varying degrees of severity. Milder forms can be treated conservatively, with more severe forms requiring both frontal bone re-modelling and fronto-orbital advancement. Surgical correction results in a high level of patient/parent satisfaction.

Trigonocephaly: Results after surgical correction of nonsyndromatic isolated metopic suture synostosis in 54 cases

“…Improvement in behaviour has been observed with resolution of papilloedema (Cohen et al, 1993;Campbell et al, 1995). In all cases in our series, no major complications or deaths were seen, similar to other series (Aryan et al, 2005;Fearon et al, 2007;Kelleher et al, 2007;Keshavarzi et al, 2009). Complications in Cohen's series included minor wound dehiscence (n ¼ 1), seizures (n ¼ 1), and increased intracranial pressure (n ¼ 1) (Cohen et al, 1994).…”

“…The median age at operation in this series was 11.5 months. This is slightly older than reported in other series except in the studies of Kelleher et al with a median age of 12 months and Keshavarzi with a median age of 16.6 months (Cohen and Persing, 1998;Cohen et al, 1994;Kelleher et al, 2007;Keshavarzi et al, 2009). Many surgeons favour operative intervention during the first 3e9 months of life (Delhemmes et al, 1986;Genitori et al, 1991;Aryan et al, 2005).…”

“…We preferred to observe patients until there was a clinical seduction of swelling before leaving the hospital. Kelleher et al reported an average blood loss of 200 ml, with surgery being performed at 12 month of age on average (Kelleher et al, 2007). Aryan et al reported an average blood loss of 400 ml, with the surgery being performed at 7.5 months of age on average (Aryan et al, 2005).…”

An Evaluation of Complications, Revisions, and Long-Term Aesthetic Outcomes in Nonsyndromic Metopic Craniosynostosis

“…Indeed, different authors have cited a wide range of complication, reoperation, and recurrence rates. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the complications, revisions, and long-term aesthetic outcomes of patients with isolated metopic synostosis at a single institution.…”

Behavioral Adjustment of Toddler and Preschool-Aged Children with Single-Suture Craniosynostosis

“…5, 6 The third study relied on parent report to assess behavioral problems among 63 children with metopic craniosynostosis evaluated over a 10 year period. 7 The fourth study featured a population-based cohort in which mothers of 82 children with SSC were interviewed by telephone. 8 Both CBCL studies found elevated rates of reported behavior problems in the clinical risk range, from 15% to 35% depending on age and CBCL scale.…”