Non-Targeted Metabolomics Reveals Sorghum Rhizosphere-Associated Exudates are Influenced by the Belowground Interaction of Substrate and Sorghum Genotype

Miller, Sarah B.; Heuberger, Adam L.; Broeckling, Corey D.; Jahn, Courtney E.

doi:10.3390/ijms20020431

Cited by 52 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…pectic acid) 15 – 17 . The amount of carbon (C) released into the rhizosphere greatly depends on the plant species, the genotype, the age, the chemical-physical-biological soil characteristics and biotic or abiotic stresses 18 – 20 . To cope with P deficiency, the major metabolites that plants release from their roots are organic acids (e.g .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus deficiency changes carbon isotope fractionation and triggers exudate reacquisition in tomato plants

Tiziani

Pii

Celletti

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Plant roots are able to exude vast amounts of metabolites into the rhizosphere in response to phosphorus (P) deficiency. Causing noteworthy costs in terms of energy and carbon (C) for the plants. Therefore, it is suggested that exudates reacquisition by roots could represent an energy saving strategy of plants. This study aimed at investigating the effect of P deficiency on the ability of hydroponically grown tomato plants to re-acquire specific compounds generally present in root exudates by using 13C-labelled molecules. Results showed that P deficient tomato plants were able to take up citrate (+ 37%) and malate (+ 37%), particularly when compared to controls. While glycine (+ 42%) and fructose (+ 49%) uptake was enhanced in P shortage, glucose acquisition was not affected by the nutritional status. Unexpectedly, results also showed that P deficiency leads to a 13C enrichment in both tomato roots and shoots over time (shoots—+ 2.66‰, roots—+ 2.64‰, compared to control plants), probably due to stomata closure triggered by P deficiency. These findings highlight that tomato plants are able to take up a wide range of metabolites belonging to root exudates, thus maximizing C trade off. This trait is particularly evident when plants grew in P deficiency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus deficiency changes carbon isotope fractionation and triggers exudate reacquisition in tomato plants

Tiziani

Pii

Celletti

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In this study, exudates were collected from roots with rhizosphere substrate still attached. The largest difference in this dataset was observed between soil-grown and sand- or clay-grown plants, which might be explained by soil-derived metabolites co-extracted with root exudates (Sasse et al, 2018; Miller et al, 2019). The authors showed some ions to be specifically up- or down-regulated in exudates of clay- vs. sand-grown plants, but their effect was not strong enough to separate the two conditions in a principal component analysis (Miller et al, 2019), which might be due to their exudate collection method, which was a mixture between the in situ and in vitro conditions utilized here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…4). A recent study found differences in sorghum exudates of plants grown in clay, sand, and soil (Miller et al, 2019). In this study, exudates were collected from roots with rhizosphere substrate still attached.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root morphology and exudate availability is shaped by particle size and chemistry in Brachypodium distachyon

Sasse

Jordan

Raad

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Keywords Brachypodium distachyonParticle chemistry Particle size Pseudomonas fluorescens Rhizosphere Root exudation Root morphology Abstract Root morphology and exudation define a plants sphere of influence in soils, and are in turn shaped by the physiochemical characteristics of soil. We explored how particle size and chemistry of growth substrates affect root morphology and exudation of the model grass Brachypodium distachyon. Root fresh weight and root lengths were correlated with particle size, whereas root number and shoot weight remained constant. Mass spectrometry imaging suggested that both, root length and number shape root exudation. Exudate metabolite profiles detected with liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry were comparable for plants growing in glass beads or sand with various particles sizes, but distinct for plants growing in clay. However, when exudates of clay-grown plants were collected by removing the plants from the substrate, their exudate profile was similar to sand-or glass beads-grown plants. Clay particles sorbed 20% of compounds exuded by clay-grown plants, and 70% of compounds of a defined exudate medium. The sorbed compounds belonged to a range of chemical classes, among them nucleosides/nucleotides, organic acids, sugars, and amino acids. Some of the sorbed compounds could be de-sorbed by a rhizobacterium (Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS415), supporting its growth. We show that root morphology is affected by substrate size, and that root exudation in contrast is not affected by substrate size or chemistry. The availability of exuded compounds, however, depends on the substrate present. These findings further support the critical importance of the physiochemical properties of soils are crucial to consider when investigating plant morphology, exudation, and plantmicrobe interactions. Plant roots shape their environment in various ways, and are in turn shaped by physiochemical properties of the surrounding soil. Roots shape soil by dislocating particles, by polymer production, and by release of a wide variety of compounds (root exudation). Root exudates alter pH and the chemical composition around roots. Overall, root presence in soils results in formation of larger soil aggregates and increases water-holding capacity (Six et al., 2004). The plant-induced changes in chemistry can lead to weathering of minerals (Uroz et al., 2015), and alter the composition of microbial communities (Carson et al., 2007).Soils are often characterized by their particle size and mineralogy. Typical soil particles range from small (< 50 µm) to large (> 2 mm), determining physical parameters such as water binding capacity (Six et al., 2004; Six and Paustian, 2014; Rellán-Álvarez et al., 2016). Differently sized sandstones are associated with different microbial numbers, with small sandstones (2 mm) being more densely populated by microbes than larger rocks (Certini et al., 2004). Minerals differ in their structure (e.g. accessible surface), and in their surface charge, determining if and how they interact wi...

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“…Plant metabolomics mainly concerns metabolic analysis and metabolite fingerprinting of single plants, in which the metabolites in plant organs and tissues are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. In addition, metabolomics is used to compare and identify plants of the same species but different genotypes and to study the interaction between plants and herbivores, including the effects of plant defense metabolites on herbivore genotypes and resistance [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. In this work, metabolomics was used to analyze the quality and metabolic changes in tender coconut during storage after harvest, and the important reasons for the deterioration of coconut were revealed, thus providing a theoretical basis for the preservation of fresh coconut after harvest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics Analysis of the Deterioration Mechanism and Storage Time Limit of Tender Coconut Water during Storage

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2020

Foods

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Tender coconut water tastes sweet and is enjoyed by consumers, but its commercial development is restricted by an extremely short shelf life, which cannot be explained by existing research. UPLC-MS/MS-based metabolomics methods were used to identify and statistically analyze metabolites in coconut water under refrigerated storage. A multivariate statistical analysis method was used to analyze the UPLC-MS/MS datasets from 35 tender coconut water samples stored for 0–6 weeks. In addition, we identified other differentially expressed metabolites by selecting p-values and fold changes. Hierarchical cluster analysis and association analysis were performed with the differentially expressed metabolites. Metabolic pathways were analyzed using the KEGG database and the MetPA module of MetaboAnalyst. A total of 72 differentially expressed metabolites were identified in all groups. The OPLS-DA score chart showed that all samples were well grouped. Thirty-one metabolic pathways were enriched in the week 0–1 samples. The results showed that after a tender coconut is peeled, the maximum storage time at 4 °C is 1 week. Analysis of metabolic pathways related to coconut water storage using the KEGG and MetPA databases revealed that amino acid metabolism is one of the main causes of coconut water quality deterioration.

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Non-Targeted Metabolomics Reveals Sorghum Rhizosphere-Associated Exudates are Influenced by the Belowground Interaction of Substrate and Sorghum Genotype

Cited by 52 publications

References 76 publications

Phosphorus deficiency changes carbon isotope fractionation and triggers exudate reacquisition in tomato plants

Phosphorus deficiency changes carbon isotope fractionation and triggers exudate reacquisition in tomato plants

Root morphology and exudate availability is shaped by particle size and chemistry in Brachypodium distachyon

Metabolomics Analysis of the Deterioration Mechanism and Storage Time Limit of Tender Coconut Water during Storage

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