Non-Thermal, Non-Ablative CO2 Laser Therapy (NACLT): A New Approach to Relieve Pain in Some Painful Oral Diseases

Zand, Nasrin

doi:10.5772/37828

Cited by 12 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…The laser beams in LLLT, with a narrow spectral width (600 nm–1000 nm) and power densities (1 mw–5 W/cm 2 ), are so low that the resulting biological effects are not associated with macroscopic thermal effects [47]. Additionally, it should be noted that, in contrast to conventional low-level laser therapy (Nd:YAG laser, Er:YAG laser, InGaAlP laser, and GaAlAs laser), CO 2 laser has been used as a very useful high-power, thermal laser in surgery for cutting, ablation, and coagulation of the tissues for many years [31]. However, this high-power laser can also be used as a low-power therapeutic laser in RAS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the studies about the CO 2 laser treatment in RAS, before laser irradiation, a thick layer of a transparent, nonanesthetic gel with high-water content is placed on the lesion to reduce the beam absorption by the tissue. The final laser power output is reduced to 2–5 mW which is in the range of low-power lasers, after passing through the gel [31]. As a result, the conventional high-power laser is reduced to a low-power, nonthermal, and noninvasive laser after passing through the gel.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the possibility of clinical complications, like thermal effects and soft tissue damage, is reduced. Laser therapy is applied to treat RAS because of its potential beneficial effects, including immediate pain relief, accelerating wound healing, reducing healing period, and being anti-inflammatory [31]. Currently, clinical case reports and randomized controlled clinical trials about several different types of lasers (Nd:YAG laser, Er:YAG laser, InGaAlP laser, GaAlAs laser, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of Laser Therapy in the Management of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Systematic Review

Han

Fang

et al. 2016

Scientifica

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Objectives. Laser therapy is a promising new treatment for patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). However, the clinical effect and security issue of laser therapy remain controversial. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and security of laser treatment in RAS patients. Methods. Five electronic databases were searched (MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) to identify all studies that were about randomized controlled clinical trials, involving the effect of laser therapy in RAS patients. Conclusion. Twenty-three studies were retained for full-text analysis after screening the titles and abstracts of potential articles, but only 10 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria after the full texts were reviewed. The included studies reported a comparison of the effectiveness between the laser treatment and placebo laser therapy (or conventional drug therapy) when managing the RAS patients. It can be concluded that laser therapy has the superiority in relieving ulcer pain and shortening healing time when compared with placebo group or medical treatment group. Although laser therapy is a promising effective treatment for RAS, high-quality clinical studies with large sample size must be further performed to confirm the effectiveness of this therapy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of Laser Therapy in the Management of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Systematic Review

Han

Fang

et al. 2016

Scientifica

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“…9 NTCLT has been used for immediate and significant pain relief in some painful oral lesions. 9,10,12,13 The study being reported in this paper was designed to evaluate the NT-CLT pain relieving effects on PV oral lesions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relieving Pain in Oral Lesions of Pemphigus Vulgaris Using the Non-ablative, Non-thermal, CO2 Laser Therapy (NTCLT): Preliminary Results of a Novel Approach

et al. 2017

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“…For application of CO2 laser as a non-thermal laser for photobiomodulation, some measures should be considered [2][3][4][5]:…”

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confidence: 99%

Letter regarding “Effect of laser on pain relief and wound healing of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a systematic review”

Zand

Shirkavand

2017

Lasers Med Sci

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We studied with great interest the article entitled, BEffect of laser on pain relief and wound healing of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a systematic review^authored by Suter and colleagues [1]. In this valuable systematic review, the authors evaluated the potential benefits of laser application in management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. We would like to give explanation regarding the above paper published recently.In Table 2 of Dr. Valerie G. A. Suter's paper, the total energy used in NTCLT has been stated to be 5-10 J; however, the energy delivered to the surface of the lesions is much lower than the figures above.For application of CO2 laser as a non-thermal laser for photobiomodulation, some measures should be considered [2-5]:-Irradiation of the lesion through a thick layer of transparent gel with high water content -Application of the CO2 laser with defocused handpiece, 5-6 mm distant from the surface of the lesion to make the beam wide enough -Rapid scanning of the lesion with circular motion of the handpiece With these considerations, CO2 laser can be applied as a photobiomodulative laser. This technique which was initially termed NACLT, after indicating its non-thermal nature, called Non-Thermal CO2 Laser Therapy (NTCLT) [5] to avoid misinterpretation with high power fractional non-ablative CO2 lasers used for skin rejuvenation.The results of thermometry revealed that final power output of CO2 laser beam after irradiation through the gel decreased significantly to the range of milliwatts [2]. Hence, the real energy delivered to the surface of the lesion in NTCLT is in the range of millijules. We hope we will be able to report the results of our recent study about the physical aspects of NTCLT with more accurate information about the real energy applied at the surface of the lesion in NTCLT soon. Relieving pain in oral lesions of pemphigus vulgaris using the nonablative, non-thermal, CO2 laser therapy (NTCLT): preliminary results of a novel approach. J Lasers Med Sci 8(1):7-12 * Nasrin Zand

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Non-Thermal, Non-Ablative CO2 Laser Therapy (NACLT): A New Approach to Relieve Pain in Some Painful Oral Diseases

Cited by 12 publications

References 89 publications

Effectiveness of Laser Therapy in the Management of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Systematic Review

Effectiveness of Laser Therapy in the Management of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Systematic Review

Relieving Pain in Oral Lesions of Pemphigus Vulgaris Using the Non-ablative, Non-thermal, CO2 Laser Therapy (NTCLT): Preliminary Results of a Novel Approach

Letter regarding “Effect of laser on pain relief and wound healing of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a systematic review”

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