Non-tuberculous<i>Mycobacteria</i>isolated from lymph nodes and faecal samples of healthy slaughtered cattle and the abattoir environment

Ghielmetti, Giovanni; Friedel, Ute; Scherrer, Simone; Sarno, Eleonora; Landolt, Patricia; Dietz, O.; Hilbe, Monika; Zweifel, Claudio; Stephan, Roger

doi:10.1111/tbed.12793

Cited by 33 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Many environmental mycobacteria may interfere with the bTB surveillance program at post-mortem inspections at the abattoir [ 17 ]. NTM have recently been detected in lymph nodes of clinically healthy Swiss cattle, emphasizing the need of more specific diagnostic tools [ 18 ]. A study in Northern Ireland tried to identify mycobacteria in lymph nodes of cattle belonging to herds with previous evidence of bTB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second line molecular diagnosis for bovine tuberculosis to improve diagnostic schemes

et al. 2018

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Surveillance of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is partly based on the sanitary inspection of carcasses at the abattoir to detect bTB-like lesions which, in compliance with EU recommendations, are analysed by bacteriology and histopathology to disclose Mycobacterium bovis (or M. caprae) infection. Moreover, since 2012, a PCR method with similar sensitivity and specificity values of histopathology and bacteriology respectively is additionally employed in France, partially compensating for the weaknesses of classical diagnostic methods. We analysed a collection of bTB-like lesions from cattle presenting positive histological results albeit with negative PCR results. We present here the results of these samples, recovered from 292 animals culled between 2013 and 2016, analysed with a second line molecular diagnosis approach that consists in a combination of PCRs targeting the M. tuberculosis-M. avium complexes as well as the Mycobacterium genus and sequencing of hsp65 gene. These molecular analyses disclosed to identify the presence of non-tuberculous bacteria which could be responsible for most of these non-specific TB lesions: non tuberculous mycobacteria (24%) or Actinomycetales (56%) such as Rhodococcus equi (53%); 24% of the samples were negative. M. bovis -or any other MTBC members- was neither detected by molecular methods nor isolated in any of them at the end of the 3 months of culture. In conclusion, these results highlight the lack of specificity of histopathology and the usefulness of a first line PCR with a second line molecular diagnostic test to circumvent it. This diagnostic strategy makes it possible to reduce the number of suspect bTB cases raised at the abattoir or shortening their lock-up periods. By simplifying diagnostic schemes, the use of this tool could improve bTB surveillance and make eradication programs more efficient in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second line molecular diagnosis for bovine tuberculosis to improve diagnostic schemes

et al. 2018

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“…[15][16][17] Nevertheless its primary source and the route of infection remains unclear and sporadic isolations from water and abattoir environmental samples may suggest a ubiquitous origin of this mycobacterium. 9,18 Feline cutaneous mycobacteriosis is thought to be the result of infected bite or scratch wounds, surgical interventions or lymphohaematogenous spread of the pathogen. In particular, the causative agents of non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis are usually divided into rapidly growing and slowly growing mycobacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the histopathological findings, additional biopsies were submitted for mycobacterial culture in sterile saline and processed as previously described. 9,10 Growth of mycobacteria was first detected on liquid media tubes (BBL MGIT; Becton and Dickinson) supplemented with PANTA (Polymyxin B, Amphotericin B, Nalidixic acid, Trimethoprim, Azlocillin) antibiotic mixture after 3 weeks of incubation at 37°C. Subcultures on Middlebrook 7H10 showed growth of scotochromogenic colonies after 2 weeks.…”

Section: Case Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First report of nodular skin lesions caused by Mycobacterium nebraskense in a 9-year-old cat

Niederhäuser¹,

Klauser²,

Bolliger³

et al. 2018

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summaryA 9-year-old cat was referred with multiple, raised, ulcerative skin nodules in the region of the neck and dorsal head. Histopathological findings of a biopsied nodule were granulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis without multinucleated giant cells or caseous necrosis. In addition, by Ziehl–Neelsen staining numerous acid-fast intracellular bacilli were observed within the lesions. Mycobacterial culture showed growth of rough scotochromogenic colonies after 3 weeks of incubation. Molecular characterisation of the isolate identified Mycobacterium nebraskense as the cause of the infection. No phenotypic resistance was detected for the antimycobacterial agents tested. The cat was successfully treated with a combination of surgical excision and a 12 week course of antimicrobial therapy, including rifampicin combined with clarithromycin.Relevance and novel informationTo our knowledge, this is the first documented case of mycobacterial granulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis due to M nebraskense infection in a cat. The successful surgical and antimycobacterial treatment regimen is described.

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“…In total, as described previously, 14 lymph nodes from 534 cattle from 203 dairy herds were further cultured for mycobacteria; 57 NTM isolates were obtained and included in our study. An additional 20 NTM isolates originating from cultures of 108 lymph nodes from 108 slaughtered cattle collected in a prior study 5 were also included. This total of 77 mycobacterial isolates were identified and further characterized in our study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and expression of esat-6 and cfp-10 in non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from lymph nodes of slaughtered cattle in Switzerland

et al. 2019

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The most commonly used tools for tuberculosis testing in cattle, the tuberculin skin test and the interferonγ release assay, detect immune reactivity to various antigens of Mycobacterium bovis, including ESAT-6 and CFP-10. However, some non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can also harbor the cfp-10 and/or esat-6 genes, which can lead to false-positive results. We tested 77 NTM isolates belonging to 22 different species from lymph nodes of healthy slaughtered cattle for the occurrence of cfp-10 and esat-6. Most isolates did not harbor cfp-10 and esat-6. However, M. gordonae, 'M. lymphaticum', M. kansasii, and M. persicum were cfp-10 positive. The esat-6 gene was found in M. kansasii and M. persicum. Protein expression of cfp-10 and esat-6 could be detected for M. kansasii and M. persicum. An effective tuberculosis control program based on interferon-γ release assays and tuberculin skin testing is dependent on further monitoring and characterization of NTM in a cattle population.

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Non-tuberculousMycobacteriaisolated from lymph nodes and faecal samples of healthy slaughtered cattle and the abattoir environment

Cited by 33 publications

References 42 publications

Second line molecular diagnosis for bovine tuberculosis to improve diagnostic schemes

Second line molecular diagnosis for bovine tuberculosis to improve diagnostic schemes

First report of nodular skin lesions caused by Mycobacterium nebraskense in a 9-year-old cat

Distribution and expression of esat-6 and cfp-10 in non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from lymph nodes of slaughtered cattle in Switzerland

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