Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Granulomatous Dermatitis in an African Pygmy Hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)

Blume, Guilherme Reis; Eloi, Rômulo Santos Adjuto; Oliveira, Letícia Batelli de; Moraes, Elber L.S.C.; Seeger, Marlane Geribone; Cargnelutti, Juliana Felipetto; Sant’Ana, Fabiano José Ferreira de

doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.11.003

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the ulcerated skin identified in the right forelimb may also represent a potential bacteria entrance point, with consequent dissemination to other organs. However, in transcutaneous infection, extensive necrosis of the inoculated skin areas is usually observed, with secondary edema of the respective limb and enlargement of the regional lymph nodes [ 16 , 21 ]—which was not observed in this case. On the other hand, WHS is a common condition in African pygmy hedgehogs and a genetic predisposition to this disease is recognized in these animals [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Mycobacterium marinum is classified as an atypical non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) and there are three reports of this mycobacteriosis in hedgehogs: a cutaneous form has been described in an African pygmy hedgehog [ 16 ] and two cases of systemic infection in a European and in an African pygmy hedgehog [ 21 , 22 ]. M. marinum is ubiquitous in aquatic environments and causes a chronic progressive disease in various freshwater and saltwater fishes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As prey animals and scavengers, hedgehogs can become infected with Mycobacterium spp. in a variety of ways, such as contamination of skin wounds and oral and aerosol transmission, which makes them an important element in the epidemiology of the infections caused by these bacteria [ 3 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathological Findings in African Pygmy Hedgehogs Admitted into a Portuguese Rehabilitation Center

Silva

Rêma

Teixeira

et al. 2022

Animals

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Most of the pathologies that affect hedgehogs are diagnosed postmortem; thus, it is essential to share knowledge between clinicians and pathologists in order to recognize predispositions to diseases and to establish adequate diagnostic and therapeutic plans. This study aimed to describe the most relevant postmortem pathological conditions in a group of six rescued African pygmy hedgehogs, performed over a period of four months. Hedgehogs were submitted to necropsy examinations and subsequent histopathological analyses. Microscopically, all the studied hedgehogs revealed alterations in one or more organ systems. Although a significant and diverse number of pathological conditions were obtained, this study focused on less common or more relevant pathologies found in African pygmy hedgehogs—namely, wobbly hedgehog syndrome, squamous cell carcinoma and mast cell tumors. Furthermore, this study constitutes the first report of Mycobacterium spp. in hedgehogs in Portugal, the second report of follicular thyroid carcinoma in an African pygmy hedgehog, the description of a lipoid pneumonia for the first time in this species and a lung adenocarcinoma—a pathology rarely reported in African pygmy hedgehogs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathological Findings in African Pygmy Hedgehogs Admitted into a Portuguese Rehabilitation Center

Silva

Rêma

Teixeira

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…African pygmy hedgehogs are increasingly common household pets. There have been recent reports of NTM infections in hedgehogs, specifically with Mycobacterium marinum and Mycobacterium ulcerans 2,3 . Mycobacterium haemophilum has often been reported as an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised human patients, but only rarely in veterinary literature 4–11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and treatment of a novel Mycobacterium haemophilum associated pneumonia in an African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)

Vecere

Malka

Garner³

et al. 2023

Vet Record Case Reports

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An unknown age (at least 1.5‐year old), male, entire African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) was presented for decreased appetite, lethargy and laboured breathing. Pulmonary radiographic lesions consistent with pneumonia were noted in serial computed tomography scans. The hedgehog initially responded well to treatment with azithromycin and orbifloxacin for several months, but its health declined upon discontinuation of treatment. After continued decline despite resumed antibiotic therapy, the patient was humanely euthanised. A postmortem examination was performed, and histologic examination identified severe granulomatous bronchointerstitial pneumonia with intralesional acid‐fast staining bacteria. Samples from the lung and liver were positive for Mycobacterium haemophilum by PCR and further DNA sequencing. This report describes the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of a pulmonary infection caused by M. haemophilum in a hedgehog.

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Dermatologic Diseases of Four-Toed Hedgehogs

Doss

2023

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice

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Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Granulomatous Dermatitis in an African Pygmy Hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Pathological Findings in African Pygmy Hedgehogs Admitted into a Portuguese Rehabilitation Center

Pathological Findings in African Pygmy Hedgehogs Admitted into a Portuguese Rehabilitation Center

Diagnosis and treatment of a novel Mycobacterium haemophilum associated pneumonia in an African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)

Dermatologic Diseases of Four-Toed Hedgehogs

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