Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance in children

Song, Kyungchul; Kim, Ho-Seong; Chae, Hyun Wook

doi:10.3345/cep.2022.01312

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Under physiological conditions, FFA is taken up from plasma by the liver through specific fatty acid translocase (CD36) and fatty acid transport protein (FATP) family receptors undergoes β-oxidation, lipid droplet formation or VLDL formation [ 44 ]. However, fat accumulation due to excess calorie intake induces lipolysis, causing abundant FFAs release into the blood circulation [ 45 ]. This results in increased fatty acid uptake, to which the liver responds by increasing β-oxidation or esterification of fatty acid into TG [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of Kelulut Honey in Reversing Metabolic Changes in Rats Fed with High-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet

2023

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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is composed of central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension that increase an individual’s tendency to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Kelulut honey (KH) produced by stingless bee species has a rich phenolic profile. Recent studies have demonstrated that KH could suppress components of MetS, but its mechanisms of action are unknown. A total of 18 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control rats (C group) (n = 6), MetS rats fed with a high carbohydrate high fat (HCHF) diet (HCHF group) (n = 6), and MetS rats fed with HCHF diet and treated with KH (HCHF + KH group) (n = 6). The HCHF + KH group received 1.0 g/kg/day KH via oral gavage from week 9 to 16 after HCHF diet initiation. Compared to the C group, the MetS group experienced a significant increase in body weight, body mass index, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum triglyceride (TG) and leptin, as well as the area and perimeter of adipocyte cells at the end of the study. The MetS group also experienced a significant decrease in serum HDL levels versus the C group. KH supplementation reversed the changes in serum TG, HDL, leptin, adiponectin and corticosterone levels, SBP, DBP, as well as adipose tissue 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1) level, area and perimeter at the end of the study. In addition, histological observations also showed that KH administration reduced fat deposition within hepatocytes, and prevented deterioration of pancreatic islet and renal glomerulus. In conclusion, KH is effective in preventing MetS by suppressing leptin, corticosterone and 11βHSD1 levels while elevating adiponectin levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of Kelulut Honey in Reversing Metabolic Changes in Rats Fed with High-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet

2023

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“…Convincing evidence suggested that insulin-related disorders, such as IR, may have a notable role in the initiation and development of NAFLD via interfering with the cycle of lipolysis in adipose tissue and lipogenesis in liver tissue and accumulation of fats in the liver (Martin-Rodriguez et al , 2019; Song et al , 2023); indeed, the possible interaction of genetic susceptibility and main lifestyle factors, such as unhealthy diet, adiposity and physical inactivity, can be very effective in predicting the levels of insulin secretion and its related disorders. Some studies have examined the combined role of insulinemic characteristics of diet in the prediction of the NAFLD risk (Sohouli et al , 2021a; Zhu et al , 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and lifestyle indices for insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Momeni,

Razeghi Jahromi,

KazemiJahromi

et al. 2023

NFS

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Purpose The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of the empirical dietary index for insulin resistance (EDIR) and empirical lifestyle index for insulin resistance (ELIR) with the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Iranian adults. Design/methodology/approach In this case-control study, 120 cases of NAFLD and 240 controls aged ≥20 years were included. NAFLD was detected by a gastroenterologist using an ultrasonography test. The food frequency questionnaire was used to collect nutritional data and determine the score of EDIR in participants. ELIR was determined based on body mass index, physical activity and dietary pattern. The odds ratios (ORs) of NAFLD were reported across tertiles of EDIR and ELIR using a logistic regression test. Findings The mean±SD age and BMI of subjects were 41.8 ± 7.5 years and 27.4 ± 2.2 kg/m2, respectively. In the age and sex-adjusted model, the odds of NAFLD were increased across tertiles of ELIR (OR = 3.00; 95% CI: 1.63–5.55, Ptrend = 0.001). Also, based on the fully adjusted model, the odds of NAFLD were increased according to tertiles of ELIR (OR = 2.66; 95% CI: 1.38–5.10, Ptrend = 0.006). However, no significant association was found between the higher score of EDIR and odds of NAFLD based on the age and sex-adjusted model (OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.68–2.05, Ptrend = 0.52) and the multivariable-adjusted model (OR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.48–1.70, Ptrend = 0.87). Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this was the first study to examine the role of the insulinemic potential of diet and lifestyle in predicting NAFLD risk. Our findings suggested that a lifestyle with a higher score of ELIR was positively associated with NAFLD risk. However, a diet with a higher score of EDIR was not related to the odds of NAFLD.

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“…A meta-analysis showed an association of NAFLD with a twofold increased risk of MetS in adults ( 17 ). Based on the above-described relationships, a novel concept—metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)—has been posited ( 18 ). MAFLD is identified by its association with metabolic dysregulation, irrespective of alcohol consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental metabolic syndrome and elevated liver transaminases are risk factors for offspring, even in children and adolescents with a normal body mass index

Song,

Yang,

Lee

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionThe parent–child correlation in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and elevated transaminases is sparsely researched. We assessed the correlation of parental MetS and elevated transaminase status with these conditions in their children.MethodsData of 4,167 youths aged 10–18 years were analyzed in a population-based survey, and the parental characteristics were stratified by the presence or absence of MetS or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation in their children. The prevalence of these conditions in children was analyzed according to their parents’ status. Logistic regression analyses were performed with MetS and ALT elevation in youth as the dependent variables.ResultsThe proportions of MetS and ALT elevation were higher in parents of children with MetS and ALT elevation than in those without, even among youths without obesity. In logistic regression analyses, age, body mass index–standard deviation score (BMI–SDS), and ALT elevation were positively associated with MetS, whereas age, male sex, BMI–SDS, protein intake, and MetS were positively associated with ALT elevation. Higher protein intake was related to ALT elevation, whereas metabolic components and nutritional factors were closely related in parents and their children. Odds ratios (OR) of ALT elevation for MetS was 8.96 even after adjusting nutritional factors in the children. The OR was higher for ALT elevation in the children of parents with MetS and ALT elevation compared to those without. ORs for MetS and ALT elevation in the children of parents with MetS were higher than those of children of parents without MetS, even after adjusting for nutritional intake. ORs for ALT elevation were higher in the children of parents with ALT elevation than those without, even after adjusting for nutritional intake and BMI of parents as well as the nutritional intake, age, sex, and BMI–SDS of the children.ConclusionMetS and elevated liver transaminase statuses in children were associated with those of their parents even after adjusting for nutritional factors, and the relationships were more prominent in the youth without obesity.

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance in children

Cited by 14 publications

References 79 publications

The Mechanism of Kelulut Honey in Reversing Metabolic Changes in Rats Fed with High-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet

The Mechanism of Kelulut Honey in Reversing Metabolic Changes in Rats Fed with High-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet

Dietary and lifestyle indices for insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Parental metabolic syndrome and elevated liver transaminases are risk factors for offspring, even in children and adolescents with a normal body mass index

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