“…Perioperative vision loss (POVL) is a rare but devastating consequence of ocular or non-ocular surgery. To this end, the nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) after cataract surgery or PPV has been reported to result from increased intraocular pressure (IOP), raised intra-orbital pressure from a retrobulbar anesthetic, facedown position, systemic peri-operative hypotension, or a combination of these factors [3,4,11,12]. For this reason, the causes of visual impairment in patients undergoing nonocular surgery under general anesthesia can be categorized into three main types: ION, retinal vascular occlusion, and cortical vision loss due to a perioperative stroke.…”