Nonbilharzial Bladder Carcinoma Complicating Pregnancy: Review of the Literature

Wax, Joseph R.; Pinette, Michael G.; Blackstone, Jacquelyn; Cartin, Angelina; McCrann, Donald J.

doi:10.1097/00006254-200204000-00023

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…some experts suggest radical cystectomy at the time of cesarean section. 43 on the basis of our observations, however, cyst ectomy should be performed 3-4 weeks after delivery, when the risks of pelvic congestion, dilated pelvic veins and severe blood loss are reduced. Cystectomy in the presence of an enlarged uterus is technically difficult.…”

Section: Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…the average age of the patients reported to have bladder cancer in pregnancy is approximately 30 years. 43 no association has been found between parity and the occurrence of bladder cancer, and pregnancy does not seem to be related to the severity of the disease or the frequency of recurrence. However, some experts have suggested that parity and age at first pregnancy are associ ated with the risk of developing bladder cancer.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Flexible cysto scopy under local anesthesia as an office procedure is safe and can confirm the diagnosis. 43 urine cytology can be useful but cannot replace cystoscopy as it has low sensi tivity and specificity for cancer, especially in cases of lowgrade tumors. the average age of the patients reported to have bladder cancer in pregnancy is approximately 30 years.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management of urological cancers during pregnancy

Khochikar

2010

Nat Rev Urol

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Urological cancers during pregnancy pose many challenges for clinicians. As these tumors are very rare among pregnant women and their symptoms might mimic those of common pregnancy-related disorders, the diagnosis is often delayed. Once a urological tumor is diagnosed in a pregnant patient, appropriate steps should be taken to treat her and the fetus at the same time. A delay in treatment can risk the mother's life whereas an early treatment can risk the life of the fetus. Common urological cancers that might occur during pregnancy include renal cancer, bladder cancer and adrenal tumors, particularly pheochromocytoma. Ultrasonography and MRI, which use no ionizing radiation, are considered to be safe during pregnancy. Surgical intervention is safest if performed during the second trimester. The treatment outcomes of these cancers in pregnant women are no different from those in the general population. Early suspicion and timely intervention are crucial for successful treatment.

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Section: Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management of urological cancers during pregnancy

Khochikar

2010

Nat Rev Urol

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“…Some experts (95) recommend urinalysis and urine culture obtained by catheterization to distinguish between urinary and vaginal bleeding. If bladder cancer suspect persists further investigations the patient should undergo are US, urine cytology and flexible cystoscopy (95). US is used to diagnose calculi or renal tumors, but it was diagnostic in approximately a half of bladder cancer reported cases (95).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If bladder cancer suspect persists further investigations the patient should undergo are US, urine cytology and flexible cystoscopy (95). US is used to diagnose calculi or renal tumors, but it was diagnostic in approximately a half of bladder cancer reported cases (95). Urine cytology may be helpful to evaluate cancer but negative results are frequent also in presence of low-grade carcinomas and it cannot postpone or replace cystoscopy.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiblastic Treatment, for Solid Tumors, during Pregnancy: A Crucial Decision

Berretta

Francia

Lleshi

et al. 2012

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death during the reproductive years complicating between 0.02% and 0.1% of pregnancies. The incidence is expected to rise with the increase in age of childbearing. The most common types of pregnancy-associated cancers are: cervical cancer, breast cancer, malignant melanoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, nonHodgkin's lymphoma and ovarian cancer. The relatively rare occurrence of pregnancy-associated cancer precludes conducting large, prospective studies to examine diagnostic, management and outcome issues. The treatment of pregnancy-associated cancer is complex since it may be associated with adverse fatal effects. In pregnant patients diagnosed with cancer during the first trimester, treatment with multidrug anti-cancer chemotherapy is associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations, spontaneous abortions or fetal death, and therefore, should follow a strong recommendation for pregnancy termination. Second and third trimester exposure is not associated with teratogenic effect but increases the risk of intrauterine growth retardation and low birth weight. There are no sufficient data regarding the teratogenicity of most cytotoxic drugs. Almost all chemotherapeutic agents were found to be teratogenic in animals and for some drugs only experimental data exist. Moreover, no pharmacokinetic studies have been conducted in pregnant women receiving chemotherapy in order to understand whether pregnant women should be treated with different doses of chemotherapy. This article reviews the available data regarding the different aspects of the treatment of cancer during pregnancy.Cancer is the second most common cause of death during reproductive years (1). It complicates approximately 0,02 -0,1% of all pregnancies (2). However, the current trend to delay pregnancy and the age-dependent increase in the incidence of several malignancies (3) are expected to raise the occurrence of pregnancy-associated cancer.The incidence of specific malignancies in pregnant women is similar to that of non-pregnant women of reproductive age (4). The most frequent malignancies associated with pregnancy are cervical and breast cancer, malignant melanoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma. Less frequent malignant tumors are leukemia, ovarian and colorectal cancer (5).When cancer occurs during gestation, it poses a very difficult challenge to the pregnant patient, her relatives and the medical staff. The benefit of the diagnostic work-up and the use of antiblastic chemotherapy (AC), radiotherapy (RT) and surgery should be weighed carefully against their risk to the unborn child. This often raises conflicts between optimal maternal therapy and fetal well-being. Generally, systemic therapy for cancer in pregnancy must be individualized and may be different if the patient is diagnosed during the first versus the second or third trimesters. AC during the first trimester may cause more severe fetal effects, and when malignancies requiring AC are diagnosed during the first trimester, termination of

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Gastrointestinal, Urologic and Lung Malignancies During Pregnancy

Pentheroudakis

Pavlidis

Recent Results in Cancer Research

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Nonbilharzial Bladder Carcinoma Complicating Pregnancy: Review of the Literature

Abstract: After completion of this article, the reader will be able to list the various types of bladder cancers, to describe the presenting symptoms in a patient with a bladder cancer, and to outline the work up and treatment strategies for bladder cancer.

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Management of urological cancers during pregnancy

Management of urological cancers during pregnancy

Antiblastic Treatment, for Solid Tumors, during Pregnancy: A Crucial Decision

Gastrointestinal, Urologic and Lung Malignancies During Pregnancy

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