Nonbleach process for the purification of palm C16–18 methyl ester sulfonates

Abstract

There has long been interest in methyl ester sulfonates (MES) derived from natural or renewable sources, such as palm oil, with considerable effort focused on process development. A major drawback with current process technology is the formation of dark brown impurities that create aesthetic and odor issues in the final product. These issues are usually addressed by bleaching rather than by chemical purification. This paper reports on a simple yet highly effective nonbleach, twostep process for purifying palm C16-18 potassium methyl ester sulfonates. The first step comprises addition of water to the impure surfactant mixture. Preferably, the temperature of the system is maintained above the Krafft point of the surfactant, thereby completely solubilizing the surfactant and associated impurities. Once completely dissolved, the surfactant mixture is allowed to cool, and the potassium-neutralized methyl ester sulfonate precipitates out selectively. In the second step, the purified surfactant is recovered by gravity-or pressure-filtration or by centrifugation, followed by drying. The process significantly improves C1 6-18 MES analytical purity and color without raising safety or environmental concerns. It also allows for the purification of products derived from lower-grade methyl esters, resolves odor issues, and does not require use of substantial amounts of solvent such as methanol. JAOCS 72, 835-841 (1995). KEY WORDS:Alkali metal methyl ester sulfonate, bleach, centrifugation, color, filtration, Krafft point, methanol, methyl ester sulfonate, purification, solubilization.Aggressive palm oil development programs in Malaysia and Indonesia are likely to make C 16-18 methyl ester sulfonates (MES) increasingly affordable (1,2). In principle, manufacturing MES from palm oil is straightforward (Scheme 1). Transesterification of the oil with methanol results in methyl esters that can be purified by distillation; sulfonation of them produces c~-sulfonic acid methyl esters that can then be neutralized with a suitable base to yield the desired MES surfactants (3,4). In practice, MES processing is complex, mainly because the sulfonation step requires a stoichiometric excess of SO 3. The excess SO 3 is necessary because the desired sulfonation reaction proceeds via one or more intermediates that

Derivation and synthesis of renewable surfactants

“…30 FAME can then be sulfonated a to the ester with excess sulfur trioxide (15-30%) in a falling film reactor at elevated temperature (B90 1C), followed by neutralization with alkali base (e.g., KOH) to generate methyl ester sulfonates (MES's), an increasingly important class of biologically-derived, anionic surfactants. 31,32 MES's have been explored for a variety of applications including enhanced oil recovery, 33 but are used primarily in the detergent industry. 34,35 The products from this process are often discolored and thus require significant bleaching before formulation.…”

Pengaruh Rasio Mol, Suhu Dan Lama Reaksi Terhadap Bilangan Iod, Bilangan Asam, Bilangan Peroksida Dan Kandungan Sulfonat Surfaktan Dari Cpo

“…Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah rasio mol reaktan (1:1,079-1:1,96) [2] , lama reaksi (2-7 jam) dan suhu reaksi (60-140  C) [4] , setelah itu dilakukan proses pemurnian dengan menggunakan metanol 35% [2] pada suhu 55  C selama 1,5 jam [5] dan dilakukan netralisasi dengan NaOH 20% dengan suhu 55  C selama 0,5 jam [4] . Analisis yang dilakukan terhadap produk yang dihasilkan meliputi bilangan iod, bilangan asam, bilangan peroksida, peroksida [6] , uji absorbansi sulfonat dengan spektrometer UV-Visible dan uji kualitatif untuk mendeteksi keberadaan gugus sulfonat dengan Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR).…”