Nonclassical Systemics of Quasicoherence: From Formal Properties to Representations of Generative Mechanisms. A Conceptual Introduction to a Paradigm-Shift

Abstract

In this article, we consider how formal models and properties of emergence, e.g., long-range correlations, power laws, and self-similarity are usually platonically considered to represent the essence of the phenomenon, more specifically, their acquired properties, e.g., coherence, and not their generative mechanisms. Properties are assumed to explain, rather than represent, real processes of emergence. Conversely, real phenomenological processes are intended to be approximations or degenerations of their essence. By contrast, here, we consider the essence as a simplification of the phenomenological complexity. It is assumed to be acceptable that such simplification neglects several aspects (e.g., incompleteness, inhomogeneities, instabilities, irregularities, and variations) of real phenomena in return for analytical tractability. Within this context, such a trade-off is a kind of reductionism when dealing with complex phenomena. Methodologically, we propose a paradigmatic change for systems science equivalent to the one that occurred in Physics from object to field, namely, a change from interactional entities to domains intended as extensions of fields, or multiple fields, as it were. The reason to introduce such a paradigm shift is to make nonidealist approaches suitable for dealing with more realistic quasicoherence, when the coherence does not consistently apply to all the composing entities, but rather, different forms of coherence apply. As a typical general interdisciplinary case, we focus on so-called collective behaviors. The goal of this paper is to introduce the concepts of domain and selection mechanisms which are suitable to represent the generative mechanisms of quasicoherence of collective behavior. Domains are established by self-tracking entities such as financial or are effectively GPS-detectable. Such domains allow the profiling of collective behavior. Selection mechanisms are based on learning techniques or cognitive approaches for social systems.

Interactions and Interaction Mechanisms as Generators of Complex Systems

“…Rather than considering fields of interaction, we may consider domains [16] as given by the multiple simultaneous interaction options available in each point of the phase space (where it is possible to mathematically describe the evolution over time of the system). In such domains, we may have many potential, failed, and incomplete interactions, such as single-sided microscopic Brownian-like motions, which may be intended to have no coupled reactions.…”

The Vacuum as Imaginary Space. The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Complex Numbers

“…We also mention the concept of systems propagation related, for instance, to "synchronizations and remote synchronizations occurring when nonadjacent pairs of entities become substantially synchronized in spite of the absence of direct structural connections between them or intermediate mediating entities such as in the brain and networks [8,9]; and those belonging to the basin of an attractor." [10]. Furthermore, we may consider the exchange of information without direct exchange between elements of collective behaviors keeping coherences such as in swarms and flocks in long-range correlations [7, pp.…”

“…The entering by an entity in these vacuum domains, implicitly full of unlimited but specific possibilities allowed by degrees of freedom and constraints, involves it being significantly affected. In short, we consider vacuum immaterial domains [10].  It is possible to deduce and suppose the existence of the vacuum as a strange physical entity [11] that is difficult to detect and measure but nevertheless indisputable as it is for quantum physics.…”

“…) where (t) is a Gaussian white noise process (stationary stochastic process whose spectral power density is constant over all frequencies considered for mathematical convenience), then the associated transition probability P (x, t) is represented by the socalled Fokker-Planck equation (FPE) considered in [39; 7, pp. 273-279]: (10) where:…”