Noncollinear Magnetization Structure at the Thickness-Driven Spin-Reorientation Transition in Epitaxial Fe Films on W(110)

Ślęzak, T.; Ślęzak, M.; Zając, M.; Freindl, K.; Kozioł–Rachwał, A.; Matlak, K.; Spiridis, N.; Wilgocka-Ślęzak, D.; Partyka-Jankowska, E.; Rennhofer, Marcus; Ai, Chumakov; Stankov, S.; Rüffer, R.; Korecki, J.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.105.027206

Cited by 46 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The system Fe/W(110) is particularly interesting for studying substrate-induced strain effects in deposited nanoparticles due to the large lattice misfit of 9.5% and the well-known strain relaxation in thin Fe films grown on W(110). The latter gives rise to a complex interplay between structure and magnetic properties [60–61]. The grazing incidence and the high cross section of electrons with matter make RHEED ideally suited for nanoparticle experiments, even for highly diluted samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of Fe nanoparticles deposited onto single-crystalline surfaces

Kleibert

Rosellen²,

Getzlaff

et al. 2011

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Summary Background: Magnetic nanostructures and nanoparticles often show novel magnetic phenomena not known from the respective bulk materials. In the past, several methods to prepare such structures have been developed – ranging from wet chemistry-based to physical-based methods such as self-organization or cluster growth. The preparation method has a significant influence on the resulting properties of the generated nanostructures. Taking chemical approaches, this influence may arise from the chemical environment, reaction kinetics and the preparation route. Taking physical approaches, the thermodynamics and the kinetics of the growth mode or – when depositing preformed clusters/nanoparticles on a surface – the landing kinetics and subsequent relaxation processes have a strong impact and thus need to be considered when attempting to control magnetic and structural properties of supported clusters or nanoparticles. Results: In this contribution we focus on mass-filtered Fe nanoparticles in a size range from 4 nm to 10 nm that are generated in a cluster source and subsequently deposited onto two single crystalline substrates: fcc Ni(111)/W(110) and bcc W(110). We use a combined approach of X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to shed light on the complex and size-dependent relation between magnetic properties, crystallographic structure, orientation and morphology. In particular XMCD reveals that Fe particles on Ni(111)/W(110) have a significantly lower (higher) magnetic spin (orbital) moment compared to bulk iron. The reduced spin moments are attributed to the random particle orientation being confirmed by RHEED together with a competition of magnetic exchange energy at the interface and magnetic anisotropy energy in the particles. The RHEED data also show that the Fe particles on W(110) – despite of the large lattice mismatch between iron and tungsten – are not strained. Thus, strain is most likely not the origin of the enhanced orbital moments as supposed before. Moreover, RHEED uncovers the existence of a spontaneous process for epitaxial alignment of particles below a critical size of about 4 nm. STM basically confirms the shape conservation of the larger particles but shows first indications for an unexpected reshaping occurring at the onset of self-alignment. Conclusion: The magnetic and structural properties of nanoparticles are strongly affected by the deposition kinetics even when soft landing conditions are provided. The orientation of the deposited particles and thus their interface with the substrate strongly depend on the particle size with consequences regarding particularly the magnetic behavior. Spontaneous and epitaxial self-alignment can occur below a certain critical size. This may enable the obtainment of samples with controlled, uniform interfaces and crystallographic orientations even in a random deposition process. However, such a reorientation process might be accompanied by a complex reshapin...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of Fe nanoparticles deposited onto single-crystalline surfaces

Kleibert

Rosellen²,

Getzlaff

et al. 2011

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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“…One of the most interesting ferromagnetic materials is Fe because its magnetic properties are not only very sensitive to its mesoscopic and nanoscopic structure but also to its atomic structure due to the strong dependence of the exchange interaction upon interatomic distance and arrangement: Fe can be nonmagnetic or antiferromagnetic, or it can be collinear or noncollinear ferromagnetic. For this reason it has been the subject of numerous papers, mainly on fcc(001) metals, GaAs(001), W(110), and W(001) surfaces [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The magnetic properties have usually been probed by measuring a macroscopic response to an applied magnetic field, for example using the magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) or with classical magnetometry, or after applying a magnetic field in remanence by spin-sensitive electron scattering or emission experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fe on W(001) from continuous films to nanoparticles: Growth and magnetic domain structure

et al. 2017

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The evolution of the structural and magnetic properties of Fe films during growth on the W(001) surface have been studied with low energy electron diffraction, real-time low energy electron microscopy, and quasi-real-time, spin-polarized low energy electron microscopy in the absence of a magnetic field (virgin state). Depending on the growth temperature, different growth modes are observed: growth of atomically rough and highly strained (10.4% tensile) pseudomorphic films at room temperature, kinetically limited layer-by-layer growth (quasi-Frank-van der Merwe growth mode) of smooth pseudomorphic films up to 4 monolayers at around 500 K and growth of fully relaxed three-dimensional Fe islands on top of a thermodynamically stable 2-monolayer-thick wetting layer (Stranski-Krastanov growth mode) at and above 700 K. Around 500 K, layered growth is terminated by partial (2 monolayers) dewetting of the metastable Fe film and formation of thin, partially relaxed, elongated islands on a thermodynamically stable 2 monolayer film. Ferromagnetic order is first detected during growth at room temperature at 2.35 monolayer Fe film thickness. The magnetization is in-plane with a thickness-dependent direction, rotating from the substrate 110 directions at 3 monolayers toward the 100 directions at 4 monolayers and back again toward the 110 directions at about 8 monolayers. The in-plane spin reorientation that occurs at room temperature is accompanied by significant changes of the magnetic domain structure. In the Frank-van der Merwe growth regime, large magnetic domains are observed in metastable 3 and 4 monolayer films. The isolated three-dimensional Fe islands that form in the Stranski-Krastanov regime have vortex, quasi-single domain (C state), or single magnetic domain structures, depending on their size and shape. The detailed results that are obtained with high thickness, lateral and azimuthal angular resolution with spin-polarized low energy electron microscopy are compared with earlier laterally averaging and laterally resolving magnetic studies, and discrepancies are explained.

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“…Noteworthy examples include the use of SR to study thin films, interfaces, and surfaces 37,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] in a superconductor 55) and in high-pressure experiments, [56][57][58][59] as well as spin ice 60) and diffusion. [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69] The application of external perturbations that are synchronized to the pulse timing of SR is a unique method.…”

Section: Energy Domain Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condensed Matter Physics Using Nuclear Resonant Scattering

Seto

2013

J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.

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Mössbauer spectroscopy is a powerful and well-established method used in a wide variety of scientific applications. An outstanding feature of this method is that element specific information on electronic and phonon states can be obtained. The use of high-brilliance synchrotron radiation as an excitation source for Mössbauer measurements enables measurements to be recorded under extreme conditions such as high pressures, very high or very low temperatures, and strong external magnetic fields. In addition, the tunability of synchrotron radiation energy allows a wide range of nuclides to be used. Moreover, the use of synchrotron radiation enables the measurement of the element-and sitespecific phonon density of states. Another unique property of the method is the narrow energy width of the nuclear excited states, due to which the method is an effective tool for studying the slow dynamics of soft matter and glass transitions. The concepts and methods involved in these measurements are introduced and discussed, and the unique features of the methods are highlighted.

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Noncollinear Magnetization Structure at the Thickness-Driven Spin-Reorientation Transition in Epitaxial Fe Films on W(110)

Cited by 46 publications

References 25 publications

Structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of Fe nanoparticles deposited onto single-crystalline surfaces

Structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of Fe nanoparticles deposited onto single-crystalline surfaces

Fe on W(001) from continuous films to nanoparticles: Growth and magnetic domain structure

Condensed Matter Physics Using Nuclear Resonant Scattering

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