Noncytotoxic and Antitumour-Promoting Activities of Garcinia Acid Esters from<i>Garcinia atroviridis</i>Griff. ex T. Anders (Guttiferae)

Mackeen, Muhammad Mukram Mohamed; Lim, Yang Mooi; Amran, M.; Mat, Nashriyah; Lajis, Nordin Hj; Ali, Abdul Manaf

doi:10.1155/2012/829814

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The fruits, leaves, and stem bark extracts of G. atroviridis are found to be a rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites, including phenolic, flavonoid and tannin compounds such as xanthones (atroviridin), benzoquinones (atrovirinone), cambogin, garcinol, camboginal, triflavanone (garcineflavanone A) and biflavonols (garcineflavonol A) [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. These phytochemicals have been reported to display diverse pharmacological activities including antioxidant [ 22 , 23 ], antimicrobial [ 23 , 24 ], anti-proliferative [ 17 , 23 , 25 ], anti-inflammatory [ 24 ], anti-cholinesterases [ 21 ] and anti-hyperlipidemic effects [ 20 ]. Interestingly, it has been reported that some of these phytometabolites such as phenolic compounds, were capable to transform inorganic silver ions into nanoparticles [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bottom-Up Synthesis Approach to Silver Nanoparticles Induces Anti-Proliferative and Apoptotic Activities Against MCF-7, MCF-7/TAMR-1 and MCF-10A Human Breast Cell Lines

et al. 2020

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A bottom-up approach for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-GA) phytomediated by Garcinia atroviridis leaf extract is described. Under optimized conditions, the AgNPs-GA were synthesized at a concentration of 0.1 M silver salt and 10% (w/v) leaf extract, 1:4 mixing ratio of reactants, pH 3, temperature 32 °C and 72 h reaction time. The AgNPs-GA were characterized by various analytical techniques and their size was determined to be 5–30 nm. FTIR spectroscopy indicates the role of phenolic functional groups in the reduction of silver ions into AgNPs-GA and in supporting their subsequent stability. The UV-Visible spectrum showed an absorption peak at 450 nm which reflects the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of AgNPs-GA and further supports the stability of these biosynthesized nanoparticles. SEM, TEM and XRD diffractogram analyses indicate that AgNPs-GA were spherical and face-centered-cubic in shape. This study also describes the efficacy of biosynthesized AgNPs-GA as anti-proliferative agent against human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MCF-7/TAMR-1. Our findings indicate that AgNPs-GA possess significant anti-proliferative effects against both the MCF-7 and MCF-7/TAMR-1 cell lines, with inhibitory concentration at 50% (IC50 values) of 2.0 and 34.0 µg/mL, respectively, after 72 h of treatment. An induction of apoptosis was evidenced by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining. Therefore, AgNPs-GA exhibited its anti-proliferative activity via apoptosis on MCF-7 and MCF-7/TAMR-1 breast cancer cells in vitro. Taken together, the leaf extract from Garcinia atroviridis was found to be highly capable of producing AgNPs-GA with favourable physicochemical and biological properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bottom-Up Synthesis Approach to Silver Nanoparticles Induces Anti-Proliferative and Apoptotic Activities Against MCF-7, MCF-7/TAMR-1 and MCF-10A Human Breast Cell Lines

et al. 2020

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“…Several interesting natural product compounds were isolated from local medicinal plants such as damnacanthal from Morinda elliptica that was reported to have anti-HIV and immunomodulating activities [12–15], goniothalamin from Goniothalamus spp. that was cytotoxic towards leukemic cells and also induced apoptotic cell death [16, 17], as well as phytosterols from Coleus tuberosus , garcinia acid esters from Garcinia atroviridis, and girinimbine from Murraya koenigii that were reported to have antitumour promoting activities [18–20]. In this paper, we reported that the crude methanolic extract of C. cauliflora whole fruit has a very significant cytotoxicity towards promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity, Antiproliferative Effects, and Apoptosis Induction of Methanolic Extract ofCynometra caulifloraLinn. Whole Fruit on Human Promyelocytic Leukemia HL-60 Cells

Tajudin

Mat

Bakar

et al. 2012

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Methanolic extract of Cynometra cauliflora whole fruit was assayed for cytotoxicity against the human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 and the normal mouse fibroblast NIH/3T3 cell lines by using the MTT assay. The CD50 of the extract for 72 hours was 0.9 μg/mL whereas the value for the cytotoxic drug vincristine was 0.2 μg/mL. The viability of the NIH/3T3 cells was at 80.0% when treated at 15.0 μg/mL. The extract inhibited HL-60 cell proliferation with dose dependence. AO/PI staining of HL-60 cells treated with the extract revealed that majority of cells were in the apoptotic cell death mode. Flow cytometry analysis of HL-60 cells treated at CD50 of the extract showed that the early apoptotic cells were 31.0, 26.3 and 19.9% at 24, 48, and 72 hours treatment, respectively. The percentage of late apoptotic cells was increased from 62.0 at 24 hours to 64.1 and 70.2 at 48 and 72 hours, respectively. Meanwhile, percent of necrotic cells were 4.9, 6.6, and 8.5 at 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively. This study has shown that the methanolic extract of C. cauliflora whole fruit was cytotoxic towards HL-60 cells and induced the cells into apoptotic cell death mode, but less cytotoxic towards NIH/3T3 cells.

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“…Findings reported from elsewhere have indicated that G. atroviridis acid ester derivatives containing HCA were non-cytotoxic in CEMSS (human T-lymphoblastic leukemia) cells and Raji (human B-lymphoblastoid) cells. 29 On the other hand, exposure of 3T3 fibroblast …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Cyto-genotoxicity of Hydroxycitric Acid: A Weight-loss Dietary Supplement

Ghosh¹,

Mukherjee²

2017

Journal of Exploratory Research in Pharmacology

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Background/Objectives: The growing issue of clinical obesity has led to increased consumption of weight-loss dietary supplements containing hydroxycitric acid (HCA) derived from the fruit rind of Garcinia cambogia, a plant widely distributed in Asia and Africa. It is often consumed in an unregulated manner, beyond the permissible dose, to achieve the target weight-loss. However, its safety/efficacy is controversial and reports on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity are limited and inconsistent. Hence, we aimed to study the putative effects of HCA on genotoxicity in human peripheral blood cells. Methods:Human lymphocytes and erythrocytes were treated with HCA (0, 10, 20, 40 or 100 µg/mL) for 3 h or 24 h and processed for cytotoxicity and genotoxicity analyses.Results: Initial phytochemical assessment of HCA revealed the presence of high flavonoid content. Subsequent multiendpoint cyto-genotoxicity studies in human lymphocytes displayed low cytotoxicity but significant genotoxicity at higher concentrations of 40 and 100 µg/mL; these concentrations are approximately equivalent to and double the maximum permissible dose (∼2800 mg/day), respectively. Flow cytometric estimation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and mode of cell death revealed significant ROS generation at the higher concentrations, but no effect on ΔΨm and apoptosis/necrosis. Insignificant hemolysis was observed in erythrocytes. Conclusions:High flavonoid content of HCA potentially imparts pro-oxidant property, facilitating DNA damage at high concentrations. However, such genotoxicity does not lead to cell death. Therefore, HCA can be recommended for safe consumption within the permissible dose limit.

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Noncytotoxic and Antitumour-Promoting Activities of Garcinia Acid Esters fromGarcinia atroviridisGriff. ex T. Anders (Guttiferae)

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

A Bottom-Up Synthesis Approach to Silver Nanoparticles Induces Anti-Proliferative and Apoptotic Activities Against MCF-7, MCF-7/TAMR-1 and MCF-10A Human Breast Cell Lines

A Bottom-Up Synthesis Approach to Silver Nanoparticles Induces Anti-Proliferative and Apoptotic Activities Against MCF-7, MCF-7/TAMR-1 and MCF-10A Human Breast Cell Lines

Cytotoxicity, Antiproliferative Effects, and Apoptosis Induction of Methanolic Extract ofCynometra caulifloraLinn. Whole Fruit on Human Promyelocytic Leukemia HL-60 Cells

In Vitro Cyto-genotoxicity of Hydroxycitric Acid: A Weight-loss Dietary Supplement

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