Nondestructive Inspection of a Wooden Pole Using Ultrasonic Computed Tomography

Tomikawa, Yoshirô; Iwase, Yukiharu; Arita, Kazuho; Yamada, Hiroaki

doi:10.1109/t-uffc.1986.26842

Cited by 59 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A common practice to ascertain stem decay affected trees is often restricted to visuall assessment, thus such inspection alows to identify only trees with an advanced stage of decay. To complement visual inspection, decay in standing trees can be detected by instrumental analyses, allowing to detect fungi even at incipient stages (Tomikawa et al, 1990;Mattheck, Breloer, 1993;Habermehl et al, 1999;Müller et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European aspen (Populus tremula L.) genetic diversity assessed by molecular methods correlation with P. tremulae infection incidence

Verbylaitė¹,

Baliuckas²,

Kuusienė³

2015

biologija

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This study was based on different susceptibility of Populus tremula clones to Phellinus tremulae, the major pathogen of this tree species. As the conventional resistance genes detection is time consuming and expensive, it is important to find other applicable methods to recognize resistance genes of the plants. The aim of this study was the assessment of correlation between various genetic population parameters and phenotipic, resistance or highly heritable traits of individual P. tremula trees.In this study we investigated all Lithuanian P. tremula plus trees from 16 populations in 3 provenance regions. Investigated trees were analyzed using RAPD, SSR and PCR-RFLP methods, and their individual and population genetic parameters as well as infection incidence with P. tremulae were assessed.Determined genetic parameters were examined for correlation with P. tremulae infection. Only two out of 292 RAPD loci were significant for damaged and undamaged by P. tremulae groups of trees.The resistance of investigated European aspen plus trees with P. tremulae showed no dependency on the population, provenance region or individual tree heterozygosity. RAPD loci linked to infection should be investigated further, to confirm or reject their value in assesing individual tree susceptibility to P. tremulae and the genetic mechanisms underlying such correlation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European aspen (Populus tremula L.) genetic diversity assessed by molecular methods correlation with P. tremulae infection incidence

Verbylaitė¹,

Baliuckas²,

Kuusienė³

2015

biologija

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“…-la tomographie par rayons X [7,8] qui a l'avantage d'une bonne résolution de l'image, pouvant aller jusqu'à 5 µm [4], mais qui utilise une source radioactive ; -la tomographie par résonance magnétique [10] qui est très fiable mais difficilement applicable in situ ; -le radar [9] qui est une technique très rapide mais qui nécessite de la part de l'opérateur une grande expérience pour l'interprétation de l'image ; -l'imagerie par ultrasons [2,15] qui dans l'état actuel du développement de la technologie nécessite le contact direct des transducteurs avec l'objet à inspecter (tronc de l'arbre, poteau, etc. ).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Tomographie ultrasonore pour les arbres sur pied

et al. 2004

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Résumé -La tomographie par ultrasons a été utilisée pour détecter l'état de dégradation de la section transversale d'un tronc de hêtre, attaqué par une pourriture blanche. La reconstitution de l'image du tronc en 2D a été faite à partir d'un logiciel qui utilise les valeurs de vitesses de propagation des ultrasons à travers la section de l'arbre. Le bois dégradé est caractérisé par des valeurs faibles des vitesses. Les mesures ont été effectuées à travers l'écorce de l'arbre, à trois hauteurs du sol, avec des transducteurs spéciaux de fréquence d'émission de 1 MHz. Dans le cas d'un signal trop entaché par le bruit, une analyse en fréquence a été effectuée. Les tomogrammes ultrasonores ainsi obtenus ont été comparés avec les photographies des sections correspondantes et avec les données obtenues par mesure de résistance à la pénétration d'une aiguille, avec un « Résistograph ». Aux faibles valeurs de la résistance à la pénétration correspondent des valeurs faibles de vitesses. Une bonne correspondance entre les tomogrammes et les photographies a été constatée. La résolution de l'image tomographique est comprise entre 4 et 5 cm. À l'état actuel du développement des techniques de détection non destructives acoustiques des défauts sur les arbres sur pied, cette résolution est la meilleure jamais obtenue. détection non destructive / tomographie ultrasonore / pourriture du bois / évaluation de la stabilité des arbres Abstract -Ultrasonic tomography on standing trees. Ultrasonic tomography was used for the detection of degradation of transversal section of a beech, attacked by white decay. The image reconstruction of the transversal section of the tree in 2D was obtained with a software, which used the values of ultrasonic velocities measured at different heights from the ground. The attacked wood is characterised by low velocities. The measurements were performed with special transducers of 1 MHz, without damaging the bark of the tree. To improve the readings of the signals, a frequency analysis was performed. The ultrasonic tomographies were compared with the corresponding photographic images and with data obtained with a "Resistograph". A good agreement between ultrasonic tomographies and photographs was observed. The image resolution is between 4 and 5 cm. Presently, this is the best resolution ever obtained with an acoustic nondestructive method on a standing tree. non invasive wood testing / ultrasonic tomography / wood decay / tree stability assessment

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“…Acoustic (therefore ultrasonic) tomography is a safe testing technique that has been used for in situ inspection of trees, logs, lumber, poles and wood based-composites, as reported in publications since 1986 (Tomikawa et al 1986;Martinis et al 2004;Bucur 2005;Lin et al 2008). Tomography with commercial devices uses the same principle of the measurement of velocity in transmission mode.…”

Section: Main Features Of Acoustic and Ultrasonic Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature review of acoustic and ultrasonic tomography in standing trees

Arciniegas

Prieto

Brancheriau

et al. 2014

Trees

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Key message High-resolution imaging is possible if high-frequency sensors are used together with a signalprocessing and inversion algorithm that is well suited to a low signal-to-noise ratio and the effect of wood anisotropy. Wood is a biological growth medium, and given that standing trees adapt themselves in their growth to environmental conditions, their material properties vary with age. These changes result in variations that are far more complex than anisotropy. Wood quality and intraspecific variability can thus be studied to gain an understanding of the development mechanisms of trees, and this can be useful for clonal selection and the management of tree communities. A number of techniques are available to determine wood properties in standing trees, but the signal-processing approaches currently used are not always robust and do not always provide the image resolution needed in the particular cases of acoustic or ultrasonic tomography. This review paper thus aims to present important aspects that should be taken into account when using tomography techniques and addresses a number of open problems. A brief review of current non-destructive wood imaging techniques is initially presented followed by a comparison of the protocols, methods and models used in acoustic and ultrasonic tomography. The devices cited were studied in terms of measurement systems and signal processing. The analysis aimed to highlight and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each device and describe challenges and trends. The effect of various parameters is discussed: frequency, signal-to-noise ratio, number of sensors and inversion algorithm. General conclusions are then drawn in relation to future signal-processing work in the acoustic and ultrasonic tomography of standing trees. (Résumé d'auteur

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Nondestructive Inspection of a Wooden Pole Using Ultrasonic Computed Tomography

Cited by 59 publications

References 3 publications

European aspen (Populus tremula L.) genetic diversity assessed by molecular methods correlation with P. tremulae infection incidence

European aspen (Populus tremula L.) genetic diversity assessed by molecular methods correlation with P. tremulae infection incidence

Tomographie ultrasonore pour les arbres sur pied

Literature review of acoustic and ultrasonic tomography in standing trees

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