Nondestructive light-shift measurements of single atoms in optical dipole traps

Shih, Chung-Yu; Chapman, Michael

doi:10.1103/physreva.87.063408

Cited by 40 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The values calculated for the other excited states are: |3, 0 : 0.16 GHz, |3, ±1 : 0.15 GHz, |3, ±2 : 0.10GHz, |3, ±3 : 0.05 GHz. These values are in excellent agreement with the measured results of a recent publication [113]. At the beginning of the optical pumping process (red), the atom is in the uncoupled state F = 1.…”

Section: State Initialization and State Detectionsupporting

confidence: 82%

A Controlled Phase Gate Between a Single Atom and an Optical Photon

Reiserer

2016

Springer Theses

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SummaryThis thesis reports on the experimental implementation of a deterministic interaction mechanism between flying optical photons and a single trapped atom. To this end, single rubidium atoms are trapped in a three-dimensional optical lattice at the center of an optical cavity in the strong coupling regime. Full control over the atomic state -its position, its motion, and its electronic state -is achieved with laser beams applied along the resonator and from the side. When faint laser pulses are reflected from the resonator, the combined atom-photon state acquires a state-dependent phase shift. In a first series of experiments, this is employed to nondestructively detect optical photons by measuring the atomic state after the reflection process. In a second series of experiments, quantum bits are encoded in the polarization of the laser pulse and in the Zeeman state of the atom. The state-dependent phase shift then mediates a deterministic universal quantum gate between the atom and one or two successively reflected photons, which is used to generate entangled atom-photon, atom-photon-photon, and photon-photon states out of separable input states.3 4

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Section: State Initialization and State Detectionsupporting

confidence: 82%

A Controlled Phase Gate Between a Single Atom and an Optical Photon

Reiserer

2016

Springer Theses

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“…Hence, in our method a set of collisional beams are applied in conjunction with loading from a magneto-optical trap (MOT). Despite this difference, we find the optical detunings and powers required are similar to previous work with 85 Rb [16,21].The experimental apparatus generates optical tweezers by focusing λ = 852 nm light to a 1/e 2 radius of w 0 = 0.71 µm [7,24,25]. Arrays of optical tweezers are created by generating multiple deflections in each of two acousto-optic modulators (AOMs) oriented to generate perpendicular deflections.…”

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confidence: 67%

“…The experimental apparatus generates optical tweezers by focusing λ = 852 nm light to a 1/e 2 radius of w 0 = 0.71 µm [7,24,25]. Arrays of optical tweezers are created by generating multiple deflections in each of two acousto-optic modulators (AOMs) oriented to generate perpendicular deflections.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rapid Production of Uniformly Filled Arrays of Neutral Atoms

et al. 2015

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We demonstrate rapid loading of a small array of optical tweezers with a single 87 Rb atom per site. We find that loading efficiencies of up to 90% per tweezer are achievable in less than 170 ms for traps separated by more than 1.7 µm. Interestingly, we find the load efficiency is affected by nearby traps and present the efficiency as a function of the spacing between two optical tweezers. This enhanced loading, combined with subsequent rearranging of filled sites, will enable the study of quantum many-body systems via quantum gas assembly.A frontier in atomic physics is the study of quantum many-body physics on a microscopic scale. Recent experiments have shown the power of microscopy of degenerate quantum gases in optical lattices [1,2]. An exciting prospect is not only imaging quantum gases, but assembling them into a well-known initial configuration from single-atom building blocks and then observing the resulting dynamics with single-atom resolution. Wavelength-scale optical dipole traps, or optical tweezers, are an attractive platform for control of neutral atoms because they allow repositioning of the atoms after state preparation and site-resolved imaging. Using optical tweezers, long-range interactions between neutral atoms have been harnessed via Rydberg blockade [3-5], and it is now possible to observe controlled interactions and interference between bosonic and fermionic atoms placed individually in their motional ground state [6][7][8]. While optical tweezer traps can be scaled to arrays [9][10][11][12], realizing an ordered array with a single atom per trap is difficult and is a problem of long-standing interest [13][14][15][16].Early experiments with optical tweezers demonstrated sub-Poissonian atom-number statistics using light-assisted collisions that rapidly expel pairs of atoms, a process known as collisional blockade [17][18][19][20]. This has become a reliable method to isolate single atoms, as well as the basis for parity imaging in quantum-gas microscopes [1,2,17]. However, the collisional blockade also limits loading efficiencies to approximately 50%, making the probability to uniformly-fill large arrays prohibitively small [18][19][20].Careful studies of light-assisted collisions in optical dipole traps hold promise for realizing deterministic loading of arrays of atoms [16,21]. Light-assisted collisions are successfully described by transitions between molecular potentials that become resonant with the light at specific interatomic separations, R C [ Fig. 1(a)] [22]. In the case of light that is red-detuned from the bare atomic transition, the atoms associate to an attractive potential and can gain a large kinetic energy, leading to loss of both atoms from the trap. Conversely, when the light is blue-detuned, the atoms associate to a repulsive potential where the maximum kinetic energy gained is set by the detuning [23]. This control has been used to preferentially expel single 85 Rb atoms from a trap, enabling the isolation of single atoms with high probability [16,21]. However, open q...

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“…The use of a deep dipole trap to hold an atomic sample means that the atoms can scatter many photons and remain trapped, but it also requires us, when imaging, to take account of the significant light shifts induced by the microtrap [26]. Furthermore, the blue Sisyphus mechanism used for probing relies on the spatial variation of the light shifts induced by the standing wave probe beam, so an accurate calculation of these shifts is critical to analyzing this mechanism applied to intrap fluorescence detection.…”

Section: Light Shiftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-trap fluorescence detection of atoms in a microscopic dipole trap

et al. 2015

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We investigate fluorescence detection using a standing wave of blue-detuned light of one or more atoms held in a deep, microscopic dipole trap. The blue-detuned standing wave realizes a Sisyphus laser cooling mechanism so that an atom can scatter many photons while remaining trapped. When imaging more than one atom, the blue detuning limits loss due to inelastic light-assisted collisions. Using this standing wave probe beam, we demonstrate that we can count from one to the order of 100 atoms in the microtrap with sub-poissonian precision.

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Nondestructive light-shift measurements of single atoms in optical dipole traps

Cited by 40 publications

References 32 publications

A Controlled Phase Gate Between a Single Atom and an Optical Photon

A Controlled Phase Gate Between a Single Atom and an Optical Photon

Rapid Production of Uniformly Filled Arrays of Neutral Atoms

In-trap fluorescence detection of atoms in a microscopic dipole trap

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