Nondestructive Magnetic Adaptive Testing of nuclear reactor pressure vessel steel degradation

Tomáš, I.; Vértesy, Gábor; Gillemot, F.; Székely, R.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.09.006

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We use the terminology “Optimally chosen MAT descriptor” for those parameters, picked up from the generated big data pool, which characterize the best the correlation with the given independent parameter. In the present case this is the material embrittlement generated by neutron irradiation [ 8 , 9 ]. This parameter ensures the largest sensitivity together with good reproducibility.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The general conclusion of these efforts was that a reasonable correlation had been found between the nondestructively measured magnetic parameters and the destructively measured DBTT if the above mentioned methods are applied [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. It seems that magnetically measured parameters have a better potential to characterize the material embrittlement than the conventional destructive methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Magnetic Nondestructive Measurement Methods for Determination of the Degradation of Reactor Pressure Vessel Steel

et al. 2021

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Nondestructive magnetic measurement methods can be successfully applied to determine the embrittlement of nuclear pressure vessel steel caused by neutron irradiation. It was found in previous works that reasonable correlation could be obtained between the nondestructively measured magnetic parameters and destructively determined ductile-to-brittle transition temperature. However, a large scatter of the measurement points was detected even in the cases of the non-irradiated reference samples. The reason for their scattering was attributed to the local inhomogeneity of material. This conclusion is verified in the present work by applying three different magnetic methods on two sets of Charpy samples made of two different reactor steel materials. It was found that by an optimal magnetic pre-selection of samples, a good, linear correlation can be found between magnetic parameters as well as the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature with low scattering of points. This result shows that neutron irradiation embrittlement depends very much on the local material properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Magnetic Nondestructive Measurement Methods for Determination of the Degradation of Reactor Pressure Vessel Steel

et al. 2021

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“…More importantly, the coefficients of the power laws were proportional to mechanical properties including ductile-brittle transition temperature, hardness and yield stress. Tomáš et al [12,13] and Vértesy et al [14] developed an innovative magnetic adaptive testing technique for evaluating the plastic strain and ductile-brittle transition temperature, which were sensitive indicators of material degradation. In the magnetic adaptive testing technique, the cluster of minor hysteresis loops is measured for each of the degraded samples and then the differential-permeability-related parameters are calculated at any point on any minor loop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a powerful tool for nondestructive evaluation of the properties of ferromagnetic materials, the sensitivity mapping technique (SMT) can be applied in many other NDE fields. Inspired by the previous reports [12][13][14], in this study the sensitivity mapping technique is first explored for tensile force measurement in a pre-stressed seven-wire steel strand and case depth evaluation in induction-hardened carbon steel rod. It is worth noting that the manifestation form of the measured signals carrying the minor loop information determines the pattern of the sensitivity map.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sensitivity Mapping Technique for Tensile Force and Case Depth Characterization Based on Magnetic Minor Hysteresis Loops

Dou

Liu

et al. 2020

Chin. J. Mech. Eng.

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In the nondestructive testing and evaluation area, magnetic major hysteresis loop measurement technology are widely applied for ferromagnetic material evaluation. However the characterization ability of major hysteresis loop measurement technology greatly varies as the evaluated target properties. To solve this limitation, magnetic minor hysteresis loops, which reflect the responses of ferromagnetic material magnetization in a systematic way, is recommend. Inspired by plenty of information carried by the minor loops, the sensitivity mapping technique was developed to achieve the highest sensitivity of minor-loop parameters to the nondestructively evaluated targets. In this study, for the first time, the sensitivity mapping technique is used to measure the tensile force in a steel strand and evaluate the effective case depth in induction-hardened steel rods. The method and procedures for the sensitivity mapping technique are given before experimental detection. The obtained experimental results indicate that the linear correlation between the induced voltage (or the magnetic induction intensity) and the tensile force (or effective case depth) exists at most of the locations in the cluster of minor loops. The obtained sensitivity maps can be used to optimize the applied magnetic field (or excitation current) and the analyzed locations at the minor loops for achieving the highest sensitivity. For the purpose of tensile force measurement, it is suggested that the strand should be firstly magnetized to the near-saturation state and then restored to the remanent state. In this way, the highest sensitivity is obtained as about 15.26 mV/kN. As for the induction-hardened steel rods, the highest sensitivity of magnetic induction intensity to the effective case depth occurs under low magnetic field conditions and the absolute value of the highest sensitivity is about 0.1110 T/mm. This indicates that if the highest sensitivity is required in the case depth evaluation, the induction-hardened steel rods are only required to be weakly magnetized. The proposed sensitivity mapping technique shows the good performance in the high-sensitivity evaluation of tensile force and case depth in ferromagnetic materials and its application scope can be extended to other nondestructive detection fields.

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“…This is a multi-parametric, sensous and powerful procedure of magnetic inspection introduced recently, see [12,13]. In a previous work [14], samples made of JRQ, 15CH2MFA and 10ChMFT type steel material were investigated by MAT. A533 type B Class 1 steel known as JRQ (a special type of heat-treated steel with increased impurity, optimized for investigation of correlation between radiation embrittlement and other physical properties), and the base ( 15CH2MFA ) and welding ( 10ChMFT ) material from the WWER 440-type Russian reactor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inspection of Reactor Steel Degradation by Magnetic Adaptive Testing

et al. 2019

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Degradation of nuclear pressure vessel steel materials, 15Kh2NMFA type and A508 Cl2 type (definition is given in the text) were investigated by a novel magnetic nondestructive testing method, so-called Magnetic Adaptive Testing (MAT), which is based on systematic measurement and evaluation of minor magnetic hysteresis loops. The measured samples were thermally treated by a special step cooling procedure, which generated structural changes in the material. It was found that this type of degradation can be easily followed by magnetic measurements. Charpy impact test were also performed and the results were compared with the magnetic parameters. In case of 15Kh2NMFA steel, a good, reliable and closely linear correlation was found between magnetic descriptors and transition temperature.

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Nondestructive Magnetic Adaptive Testing of nuclear reactor pressure vessel steel degradation

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Analysis of Magnetic Nondestructive Measurement Methods for Determination of the Degradation of Reactor Pressure Vessel Steel

Analysis of Magnetic Nondestructive Measurement Methods for Determination of the Degradation of Reactor Pressure Vessel Steel

A Sensitivity Mapping Technique for Tensile Force and Case Depth Characterization Based on Magnetic Minor Hysteresis Loops

Inspection of Reactor Steel Degradation by Magnetic Adaptive Testing

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