Nondestructive Quantification of Local Plasticizer Concentration in PVC by ¹H NMR Relaxometry

Abstract

The properties of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) , one of the most important polymers today, are strongly dictated by the concentration of plasticizer. Yet, it has been impossible to quantify this concentration at different positions inside a PVC product without its destruction because of a lack of suitable analytical methods. Thus, this paper introduces a simple, fast, and efficient way to determine truly nondestructively the concentration of plasticizer in PVC by single-sided nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). With the help of correlation curves between the concentration of plasticizer inside nonaged PVC samples and the corresponding volume-averaged NMR parameters, single-sided NMR allows the quantification of the local concentration of plasticizer in aged PVC plates at different depths by spatially resolved relaxation measurements. The presented approach represents a fundamental step toward in situ characterization of plasticized PVC.

Aging of polymeric materials by stray‐field NMR relaxometry with the NMR‐MOUSE

“…Chemical aging is invoked only in the presence of aggressive media . On the other hand, repeated wetting by solvents and subsequent drying washes out the low molecular‐weight constituents of the polymer, in particular, a fraction of the omnipresent wax, while plasticizer leaks from PVC at elevated temperature and leaves a more brittle material with lower T 2 …”

“…19 On the other hand, repeated wetting by solvents and subsequent drying washes out the low molecular-weight constituents of the polymer, in particular, a fraction of the omnipresent wax, while plasticizer leaks from PVC at elevated temperature and leaves a more brittle material with lower T 2 . 25 3 | COMPARISON WITH AGING OF PAINT Materials related to polymers but employed for much longer times are paints. Paint consists of pigments and binder.…”

Impact of Exposure Conditions on the Morphology of Polyethylene by Compact NMR

“…In particular, high‐field solid‐state NMR methods have been successfully applied to study the morphological changes of various polymers upon exposure to different internal and external factors . Nonetheless, much of the needed information can be gained from simple static 1 H measurements using smaller and less expensive low‐field NMR devices . Such devices include: 1) desktop devices with closed geometry having moderate magnetic field homogeneity and 2) mobile NMR sensors with closed and open geometry of strongly reduced magnetic field homogeneity.…”

“…[17,[22][23][24][25] Nonetheless, much of the needed information can be gained from simple static 1 H measurements using smaller and less expensive low-field NMR devices. [5,19,[26][27][28] Such devices include: 1) desktop devices with closed geometry having moderate magnetic field homogeneity and 2) mobile NMR sensors with closed and open geometry of strongly reduced magnetic field homogeneity. For more information please refer, for example, to Ref.…”

Unilateral NMR and Micro DSC Study of Artificially Aged Parchments

“…parchment, leather, mummified skin, bone). While DSC is the most direct and sensitive approach to study the protein stability [1][2][3], unilateral NMR has been recently used in a wide range of applications due to its high efficiency, non-destructive sample characterization and accuracy [4][5][6][7][8]. As far as collagen-based materials are concerned, DSC has been succesfully applied to assess and quantify damage in parchments [9][10][11][12] and vegetable tanned leather [13][14], while pilot studies used portable unilateral NMR to assess the deterioration of collagen in historical parchments [15][16].…”