Nondestructive residual strain measurement using high energy x-ray diffraction

Al-Shorman, M.

doi:10.31274/etd-180810-2483

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The signal peaks when the probe volume is fully submerged in the material, and it starts to attenuate as penetration increases. This behavior was previously reported and discussed in earlier publications [5,7,8]. The other data and lines in Figure 4 correspond to samples with increased peening level and demonstrate a decreased level in diffracted intensity caused by the samples' altered lattice parameters, as well as that more intense levels of shot peening produce lattice strains to a greater depth.…”

Section: Residual Stresses In Shot Peened Aluminum Samplessupporting

confidence: 85%

“…For this work, the opening of the collimators has been set within the range 100-these collimation dimensions the resulting incident and diffracted beam divergence is approximately 0.006-0.008°. Further details about the setup of the system are elaborated in earlier publications [5,7].…”

Section: -4mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The details of the simulation model are discussed in the prior publications [5,7]. Using this simulation tool, the maximum depth capability for four different materials were predicted and data are given in Table 4.…”

Section: Simulation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A new approach was proposed and a laboratory bench-top high energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) system was previously developed at CNDE as a capability to nondestructively measure internal stresses/strains using the measurement of the changes in the lattice plane spacing which occur with loading/ stresses [5]. The new HEXRD technique uses an industrial 320 kVp X-Ray source and the K characteristic peak of tungsten, which produces a higher intensity X-ray beam that is able to penetrate deeper into the sample of interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nondestructive strain depth profiling with high energy X-ray diffraction: System capabilities and limitations

Zhang¹,

Wendt²,

Cosentino³

et al. 2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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A new nondestructive instrument for bulk residual stress measurement using tungsten k α1 X- Abstract. Limited by photon energy, and penetration capability, traditional X-ray diffraction (XRD) strain measurements are only capable of achieving a few microns depth due to the use of copper (Cu K ) or molybdenum (Mo K ) characteristic radiation. For deeper strain depth profiling, destructive methods are commonly necessary to access layers of interest by removing material. To investigate deeper depth profiles nondestructively, a laboratory bench-top high-energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) system was previously developed. This HEXRD method uses an industrial 320 kVp X-Ray tube and the K characteristic peak of tungsten, to produces a higher intensity X-ray beam which enables depth profiling measurement of lattice strain. An aluminum sample was investigated with deformation/load provided using a bending rig. It was shown that the HEXRD method is capable of strain depth profiling to 2.5 mm. The method was validated using an aluminum sample where both the HEXRD method and the traditional X-ray diffraction method gave data compared with that obtained using destructive etching layer removal, performed by a commercial provider. The results demonstrate comparable accuracy up to 0.8 mm depth. Nevertheless, higher attenuation capabilities in heavier metals limit the applications in other materials. Simulations predict that HEXRD works for steel and nickel in material up to 200μm, but experiment results indicate that the HEXRD strain profile is not practical for steel and nickel material, and the measured diffraction signals are undetectable when compared to the noise.

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Section: Residual Stresses In Shot Peened Aluminum Samplessupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: -4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nondestructive strain depth profiling with high energy X-ray diffraction: System capabilities and limitations

Zhang¹,

Wendt²,

Cosentino³

et al. 2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…use of strain gauge sensors) [4]- [6] and non destructive (i.e. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and neutron diffraction (ND)) [7]- [13]. The strain gauge method has the advantage of simplicity as compared to XRD and ND and the results can be obtained at a fraction of the cost and time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual Stress in Automotive Powertrains: Methods and Analyses

Sediako

Stroh

Kianfar

2021

MSF

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Residual stress is one of the main reasons for failure of automotive cylinder blocks and engine heads. These failures are typically associated with in-service distortion or cracking occurring in engines during operation cycles. The problem becomes more pronounced for engines that are running at elevated operating pressures and temperatures, limiting R&D options in developing and implementing higher-efficiency engines. New aluminum alloys and manufacturing methods have been introduced with varying degree of success, in many cases affected by the stress magnitudes and stress distribution in the component. Therefore, active research is ongoing internationally on finding the most reliable methods of stress analysis as a basis for developing efficient methods for stress mitigation. The current study presents a comparison between two experimental strain measurements techniques: a destructive method that is based on application of strain gauge sensors, and a non-destructive method using neutron diffraction. The results indicate that although the strain gauge method provides an indication of the nature (i.e. compression or tension) of strain within a component, this method should primarily be used for surface measurements and qualitative analyses only. Neutron diffraction remains the superior technique for strain analysis, particularly for engineering components with complex geometries. The results from this study provide the transportation industry with a more comprehensive understanding of the efficacy of utilizing strain gauge sensors, neutron diffraction or finite element modelling for measuring the residual strain in cast components. The results will help manufacturers to develop the next generation of powertrain systems with increased efficiency and improved performance.

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Nondestructive residual strain measurement using high energy x-ray diffraction

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Nondestructive strain depth profiling with high energy X-ray diffraction: System capabilities and limitations

Nondestructive strain depth profiling with high energy X-ray diffraction: System capabilities and limitations

Residual Stress in Automotive Powertrains: Methods and Analyses

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