“…Let x, y, z ∈ Σ * , u ∈ Σ + and p, q ∈ Q. Now, xpyuz A1 xyqz if and only if (p, u, q) ∈ R, y does not contain any word from Σ R,p as a subword and y ′′ u ′ = u, where y ′′ is a nonempty suffix of y and u ′ is a nonempty prefix of u if and only if (q, u R , p) ∈ R ′ , y R does not contain any word from Σ R ′ ,p as a subword and u (2) y (1) = u R , where y (1) is a nonempty prefix of y R and u (2) is a nonempty suffix of u R if and…”