Nonequilibrium phase transition in a driven-dissipative quantum antiferromagnet

Kalthoff, Mona H.; Kennes, Dante M.; Millis, Andrew J.; Sentef, Michael A.

doi:10.1103/physrevresearch.4.023115

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Since spins in magnetic solids can never be viewed as an isolated system, but instead, are frequently found to entangle with multiple other fundamental DOFs including charge, lattice, and orbit, one is faced with the demand to understand complex correlated phases and intertwined orders of condensed matter [209] . In addition, once laser excitation comes into play, the problem gains an additional level of complexity due to the nonequilibrium nature of the driven system [39][40][41][42]210,211] . Besides light-spin interactions, electronic charge transitions and lattice phonons both couple with light strongly and evolve via distinctly different pathways and speeds [58] .…”

Section: Ultrafast Laser Manipulation Of Magnetic Ordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Terahertz spin dynamics in rare-earth orthoferrites

Kim

Liu

et al. 2022

Photonics Insights

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Recent interest in developing fast spintronic devices and laser-controllable magnetic solids has sparked tremendous experimental and theoretical efforts to understand and manipulate ultrafast dynamics in materials. Studies of spin dynamics in the terahertz (THz) frequency range are particularly important for elucidating microscopic pathways toward novel device functionalities. Here, we review THz phenomena related to spin dynamics in rare-earth orthoferrites, a class of materials promising for antiferromagnetic spintronics. We expand this topic into a description of four key elements. (1) We start by describing THz spectroscopy of spin excitations for probing magnetic phase transitions in thermal equilibrium. While acoustic magnons are useful indicators of spin reorientation transitions, electromagnons that arise from dynamic magnetoelectric couplings serve as a signature of inversion-symmetry-breaking phases at low temperatures. (2) We then review the strong laser driving scenario, where the system is excited far from equilibrium and thereby subject to modifications to the free-energy landscape. Microscopic pathways for ultrafast laser manipulation of magnetic order are discussed. (3) Furthermore, we review a variety of protocols to manipulate coherent THz magnons in time and space, which are useful capabilities for antiferromagnetic spintronic applications. (4) Finally, new insights into the connection between dynamic magnetic coupling in condensed matter and the Dicke superradiant phase transition in quantum optics are provided. By presenting a review on an array of THz spin phenomena occurring in a single class of materials, we hope to trigger interdisciplinary efforts that actively seek connections between subfields of spintronics, which will facilitate the invention of new protocols of active spin control and quantum phase engineering.

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Section: Ultrafast Laser Manipulation Of Magnetic Ordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Terahertz spin dynamics in rare-earth orthoferrites

Kim

Liu

et al. 2022

Photonics Insights

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“…However, in recent years, the investigation of phase transitions and critical phenomena in driven-dissipative many-body quantum systems has emerged as a significant area of study. Various experimental platforms, such as cavity arrays, superconducting circuits, and exciton-polaritons, have provided versatile setups to analyze the interplay between (in)coherent drive, dissipation, and interaction within the non-equilibrium steady state (NESS) of open quantum systems [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. These include phenomena like multi-stability and crystallization in driven-dissipative nonlinear resonator arrays [11][12][13][14], spins [15], and synchronized switching in arrays of coupled Josephson junctions [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise-resilient phase transitions and limit-cycles in coupled Kerr oscillators

Alaeian,

Soriente,

Najafi

et al. 2024

New J. Phys.

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n recent years, there has been considerable focus on exploring driven-dissipative quantum systems, as they exhibit distinctive dissipation-stabilized phases. Among them, dissipative time crystal isa unique phase emerging as a shift from disorder or stationary states to periodic behaviors. However,understanding the resilience of these non-equilibrium phases against quantum fluctuations remainsunclear. This study addresses this query within a canonical parametric quantum optical system,specifically, a multi-mode cavity with self- and cross-Kerr non-linearity. Using mean-field theory weobtain the phase diagram and delimit the parameter ranges that stabilize a non-stationary limit-cycle phase. Leveraging the Keldysh formalism, we study the unique spectral features of each phase.Further, we extend our analyses beyond the mean-field theory by explicitly accounting for higher-order correlations through cumulant expansions. Our findings unveil insights into the modificationsof the open quantum systems phases, underscoring the significance of quantum correlations in non-equilibrium steady states. Importantly, our results conclusively demonstrate the resilience of thenon-stationary phase against quantum fluctuations, rendering it a dissipation-induced genuinequantum synchronous phase.

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“…Nonequilibrium quantum systems can host a wide range of collective phenomena, including self-organized criticality [1,2], synchronization [3,4] and phase transitions even in low dimensions [5][6][7][8][9]. By combining periodic driving, disorder, and strong interactions, unique 'time-crystalline' phases [10] emerge, wherein the discrete time-translation symmetry of the driving is broken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum thermodynamics of boundary time-crystals

Carollo,

Lesanovsky,

Antezza

et al. 2024

Quantum Sci. Technol.

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Time-translation symmetry breaking is a mechanism for the emergence of non-stationary many-body phases, so-called time-crystals, in Markovian open quantum systems. Dynamical aspects of time-crystals have been extensively explored over the recent years. However, much less is known about their thermodynamic properties, also due to the intrinsic nonequilibrium nature of these phases. Here, we consider the paradigmatic boundary time-crystal system, in a finite-temperature environment, and demonstrate the persistence of the time-crystalline phase at any temperature. Furthermore, we analyze thermodynamic aspects of the model investigating, in particular, heat currents, power exchange and irreversible entropy production.  Our work sheds light on the thermodynamic cost of sustaining nonequilibrium time-crystalline phases and provides a framework for characterizing time-crystals as possible resources for, e.g., quantum sensing. Our results may be verified in experiments, for example with trapped ions or superconducting circuits, since we connect thermodynamic quantities with mean value and covariance of collective (magnetization) operators.

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Nonequilibrium phase transition in a driven-dissipative quantum antiferromagnet

Cited by 3 publications

References 63 publications

Terahertz spin dynamics in rare-earth orthoferrites

Terahertz spin dynamics in rare-earth orthoferrites

Noise-resilient phase transitions and limit-cycles in coupled Kerr oscillators

Quantum thermodynamics of boundary time-crystals

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