Nongastrointestinal Helminths in Marten (Martes Americana) From Ontario, Canada

Endoparasites of American marten ( Martes americana ): Review of the literature and parasite survey of reintroduced American marten in Michigan

“…Crenosoma petrowi has been reported from free-ranging Russian sable, a captive fisher in the United States and a badger from Canada ( Craig and Anderson, 1972 ). A single American marten from Ontario was found to be infected with Crenosoma petrowi (<1% prevalence), but the reported prevalence in fisher from the same region was 15% ( Seville and Addison, 1995 ). Olsen (1952) examined 62 carcasses of Martes caurina from Colorado and found 18 (29%) to be infected with Crenosoma , which he designated Crenosoma coloradoensis .…”

“…Cats and dogs have also been infected but typically do not suffer the same degree of clinical signs as foxes since their infections are not as intense ( Bowman et al., 2009 ). E. aerophilus was identified in 4% of the respiratory tracts of American marten from Ontario, but it is unknown whether infection resulted in disease or increased risk of being trapped ( Seville and Addison, 1995 ). Eucoleus boehmi has been reported to infect the respiratory tract of foxes and dogs ( Bowman et al., 2009 ).…”

“…In an examination of 405 American marten from Ontario, D. renale was found in only 2% of American marten and only from districts with previous reports of infected mink. In 4 of the 5 infected American marten, there was evidence only of past infection such as the entire right kidney missing or merely a fibrous capsule remaining, while in 1 American marten the actual parasite was identified ( Seville and Addison, 1995 ).…”

“…Of 405 American marten examined from Ontario, 8% had lung or aortic nodules associated with the parasite. Because yearlings had a significantly higher prevalence of infection than other ages, the authors suggest that infection could have an effect on survival of yearlings or that American marten are able to recover from infection at older age groups ( Seville and Addison, 1995 ). F. martis was found in the lungs of 4% (n = 5) of American marten carcasses from the UP of Michigan ( Veine-Smith et al., 2011 ).…”

Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Disease) and the Eradication Initiative

“…Table 1 lists the species of Dracunculus which have been reported. Emerging female worms are recovered sporadically from a wide range of mammals both from parts of the world where dracunculiasis is endemic and from parts where it is not (12,49,69,71,89,90,103,106,110,135,140; review in reference 116). Unfortunately, in almost all cases only a portion of a female worm is recovered, usually in a flaccid state after the enclosed larvae have been ejected, and identification with regard to species is impossible.…”