Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit polysaccharide ameliorated high-fat diet-induced obesity by modulating gut microbiota and improving bile acid metabolism

Effects of plant natural products on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and the underlying mechanisms: a narrative review with a focus on the modulation of the gut microbiota

“…Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) is an evergreen tree or shrub of the Rubiaceae family, found primarily in tropical and subtropical regions. In recent years, it has been found that noni fruit polysaccharide not only has physiological activities, such as antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, but also can play an antilipidemic role by regulating the gut microbiota ( Yang X. et al., 2020 ; Mo et al., 2023 ). On the one hand, noni fruit polysaccharide increased the relative abundance of Eubacterium coprostanoligenes , Lactobacillus , Ruminococcaceae UCG 014 , Parasutterella , and Ruminococcus 1 and decreased the relative abundance of Prevotella 9 , Collinsella , and Bacteroides .…”

“…The altered composition of the gut microbiota increased SCFA production and maintained colonic barrier permeability, thereby reducing serum LPS levels and hepatic lipid accumulation and ultimately ameliorating HFD-induced hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation ( Yang X. et al., 2020 ). On the other hand, noni fruit polysaccharide also increased fecal excretion of fecal-coupled BAs, especially T-α-MCA and T-β-MCA, by modulating the structure of the gut microbiota and activating hepatic and colonic FXR receptors, thus increasing lipid oxidation and energy digestion ( Mo et al., 2023 ). In summary, noni fruit polysaccharide modulates the gut microbiota and its metabolites, which may be its mechanism of action in alleviating MAFLD.…”