Nonimaging High Concentrating Photovoltaic System Using Trough

Iqbal, Waseem; Ullah, Irfan; Shin, Seoyong

doi:10.3390/en16031336

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Based on geometric concentration, CPV systems are classified into different categories: LCPV, MCPV, HCPV, and UHCPV [49,59]. Different solar concentrators have been developed to achieve low concentrations of 2.2×, 3.6×, 4×, 7×, and 9.93× [34,[60][61][62][63], medium concentrations of 23×, 31.31×, and 40× [64][65][66], high concentrations of 128×, 310×, 610×, 622×, 707×, and 738× [30,[67][68][69][70][71], and ultra-high concentrations of 2300×, 2304×, 5800×, and 6057× [72][73][74][75], respectively. Point-focused CPV systems have a high concentration, but they provide a nonuniform irradiance distribution.…”

Section: Geometrical Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Developments in Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems—A Review

2023

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Energy needs have increased with global advancements and industrial revolutions. Electrical energy utilization shares a huge amount of energy with residential and industrial loads. Traditional energy resources are expensive and polluting, producing greenhouse gasses, which is a major environmental concern. Solar energy utilization is a cost-effective, sustainable, and green solution to meet the ongoing energy demand. Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) systems are developed for energy conversion by providing high efficiency using multi-junction solar cells. This paper provides an overview of the recent optical developments in CPV systems and emerging technologies that are likely to shape the future of CPV systems. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the issues that need to be resolved to improve the geometrical concentration, acceptance angle, uniformity, and optical efficiency of CPV systems. A comprehensive comparison is also presented on different types of solar concentrators. In addition, future research directions are presented to facilitate the continued growth and success of CPV systems. Furthermore, this review article gives an up-to-date and widespread overview of CPV technology, assesses its potential for various applications, and distinguishes the challenges and opportunities for future research and development.

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Section: Geometrical Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high concentration of 600× was achieved using a trough with electrical efficiency of 25% [108]. A novel CPV design [69] was simulated using the trough as the POE and micro-reflected grooves as the SOE. This CPV system achieved a geometrical concentration of 622× and optical efficiency of 79%.…”

Section: Parabolic Troughmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Developments in Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems—A Review

2023

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“…Recently, concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) has been given preference over conventional photovoltaic due to its high efficiency. The solar cell area can be augmented with optical concentrators Iqbal et al (2023), thereby improving efficiency of renewable solarpowered systems. Short-term load forecasting technologies can also be integrated with modern photovoltaic-based energy conversion system to further improve in the planning of energy demand, smart and efficient economic dispatch, and energy management of electrical power Javed et al (2021)-Wei et al (2023.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital resonant control of power converters under variable grid frequency conditions

Ijaz,

Nazir,

Alhussein

et al. 2023

Front. Energy Res.

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Introduction: The proportional resonant (PR) controller is known for its ability to effectively regulate sinusoidal current and voltage with low steady-state error. However, in the context of digital power systems, where operations are discrete in time, applying conventional PR controllers directly presents challenges. This study investigates the impact of various discretization methods on the performance of PR controllers, particularly under scenarios with varying reference frequencies.Methods: To assess the performance of digital PR controllers under varying reference frequency conditions, three discretization techniques are employed: zero-order hold (ZOH), impulse invariant (II), and zero pole matching (ZPM), in addition to the conventional deadbeat controller. These controllers are tested in conjunction with a single-phase pulse-width modulated (PWM) inverter, which is a crucial component in modern power systems.Results: Simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the different digital PR controllers in tracking both fixed and variable reference frequency signals while minimizing total harmonic distortion (THD) and steady-state error. When utilizing only the deadbeat controller, steady-state error and THD are measured at 4.9 V and 4.82%, respectively. However, the proposed ZPM-based digital PR controller significantly improves performance, reducing steady-state error to 0.12 V and THD to 0.45%, highlighting its superior performance.Discussion: The findings of this study emphasize the importance of choosing the appropriate discretization method when implementing PR controllers in digital power systems. The ZPM-based digital PR controller proves to be highly efficient in regulating power converters under varying grid frequency conditions. This research contributes to the understanding of digital PR controller behavior and its potential for improving power system performance, especially in scenarios with intermittent renewable energy resources and fluctuating grid frequencies.

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“…They studied and compared both line focus and point focus, and the point-focus Fresnel lens was better at retaining the heat than the line-focus Fresnel lens in systems during operation [30]. Additionally, many researchers have studied CPV/T systems in the last 10 to 15 years [31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Varying Volume Fractions of SiO2 and Al2O3 on the Performance of Concentrated Photovoltaic System

et al. 2023

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Highly concentrated triple-junction solar cells (HCTJSCs) are cells that have diverse applications for power generation. Their electrical efficiency is almost 45%, which may be increased to 50% by the end of the year 2030. Despite their overwhelming ability to generate power, their efficiency is lower when utilized in a concentrated manner, which introduces a high-temperature surge, leading to a sudden drop in output power. In this study, the efficiency of a 10 mm × 10 mm multijunction solar cell (MJSC) was increased to almost 42% under the climatic conditions in Lahore, Pakistan. Active cooling was selected, where SiO2–water- and Al2O3–water-based nanofluids with varying volume fractions, ranging from 5% to 15% by volume, were used with a 0.001 kg/s mass flow rate. In addition, two- and three-layer microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) with squared microchannels were designed to perform thermal management. Regarding the concentration ratio, 1500 suns were considered for 15 August at noon, with 805 W/m2 and 110 W/m2 direct and indirect radiation, respectively. A complete model including a triple-junction solar cell and allied assemblies was modeled in Solidworks software, followed by temperature profile generation in steady-state thermal analyses (SSTA). Thereafter, a coupling of SSTA and Ansys Fluent was made, in combination with the thermal management of the entire model, where the temperature of the TJSC was found to be 991 °C without active cooling, resulting in a decrease in electrical output. At 0.001 kg/s, the optimum average surface temperature (44.5 °C), electrical efficiency (41.97%), and temperature uniformity (16.47 °C) were achieved in the of MJSC with SiO2–water nanofluid with three layers of MCHS at a 15% volume fraction. Furthermore, the average outlet temperature of the Al2O3–water nanofluid at all volume fractions was high, between 29.53 °C and 31.83 °C, using the two-layer configuration. For the three-layer arrangement, the input and output temperatures of the working fluid were found to be the same at 25 °C.

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Nonimaging High Concentrating Photovoltaic System Using Trough

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

Optical Developments in Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems—A Review

Optical Developments in Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems—A Review

Digital resonant control of power converters under variable grid frequency conditions

Effects of Varying Volume Fractions of SiO2 and Al2O3 on the Performance of Concentrated Photovoltaic System

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