Noninvasive mobile EEG as a tool for seizure monitoring and management: A systematic review

Abstract

In the last two decades new noninvasive mobile electroencephalography (EEG) solutions have been developed to overcome limitations of conventional clinical EEG and to improve monitoring of patients with long‐term conditions. Despite the availability of mobile innovations, their adoption is still very limited. The aim of this study is to review the current state‐of‐the‐art and highlight the main advantages of adopting noninvasive mobile EEG solutions in clinical trials and research studies of people with epilepsy or suspected seizures. Device characteristics are described, and their evaluation is presented. Two authors independently performed a literature review in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A combination of different digital libraries was used (Embase, MEDLINE, Global Health, PsycINFO and https://clinicaltrials.gov/). Twenty‐three full‐text, six conference abstracts, and eight webpages were included, where a total of 14 noninvasive mobile solutions were identified. Published studies demonstrated at different levels how EEG recorded via mobile EEG can be used for visual detection of EEG abnormalities and for the application of automatic‐detection algorithms with acceptable specificity and sensitivity. When the quality of the signal was compared with scalp EEG, many similarities were found in the background activities and power spectrum. Several studies indicated that the experience of patients and health care providers using mobile EEG was positive in different settings. Ongoing trials are focused mostly on improving seizure‐detection accuracy and also on testing and assessing feasibility and acceptability of noninvasive devices in the hospital and at home. This review supports the potential clinical value of noninvasive mobile EEG systems and their advantages in terms of time, technical support, cost, usability, and reliability when applied to seizure detection and management. On the other hand, the limitations of the studies confirmed that future research is needed to provide more evidence regarding feasibility and acceptability in different settings, as well as the data quality and detection accuracy of new noninvasive mobile EEG solutions.

What is the optimal duration of home-video-EEG monitoring for patients with <1 seizure per day? A simulation study

“…However, an ideal ultra–long-term HVEM system should provide non-invasive, easily self-applicable electrode arrays, automatic identification of electrode locations and signal quality, offer continuous remote support, and use reliable seizure and spike detection software. While several weeks of full-head-coverage HVEM are technologically possible already nowadays, the clinical implementation of these methods is still limited, or restricted to systems applying only a small number of electrodes ( 7 ). Thus, more efforts should be made to transfer technological advancements into practical applications.…”

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Brain imaging provides insights about the interaction between instruction and diagram use for mathematical word problem solving

“…Therefore, unexpected and sudden movements cause critical problems. The availability of mobile EEG for practical use has recently improved (Biondi et al, 2022). However, most mobile devices are purpose-designed with low density (only some electrodes, including Fp1/Fp2).…”

Novel subscalp and intracranial devices to wirelessly record and analyze continuous EEG in unsedated, behaving dogs in their natural environments: A new paradigm in canine epilepsy research

“…Mobile or ambulatory scalp EEG systems can be used in people for continuous EEG monitoring over several days ( 88 , 89 ), but—as discussed above—scalp EEG-based systems are not usable in dogs. In epileptic dogs, subcutaneous needle electrodes placed under sedation or anesthesia were used for recording wireless ambulatory EEG with synchronized video ( 75 ), but the duration of EEG recording was restricted to a few hours.…”