Noninvasive Raman spectroscopy of rat tibiae: approach toin vivoassessment of bone quality

Abstract

Abstract. We report on in vivo noninvasive Raman spectroscopy of rat tibiae using robust fiber-optic Raman probes and holders designed for transcutaneous Raman measurements in small animals. The configuration allows placement of multiple fibers around a rat leg, maintaining contact with the skin. Bone Raman data are presented for three regions of the rat tibia diaphysis with different thicknesses of overlying soft tissue. The ability to perform in vivo noninvasive Raman measurement and evaluation of subtle changes in bone composition is demonstrated with rat leg phantoms in which the tibia has carbonated hydroxylapatite, with different carbonate contents. Our data provide proof of the principle that small changes in bone composition can be monitored through soft tissue at anatomical sites of interest in biomedical studies.

Overconstrained library-based fitting method reveals age- and disease-related differences in transcutaneous Raman spectra of murine bones

“…[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Tissue phantoms with controlled optical and chemical properties have also been developed to model transcutaneous measurements. [25][26][27] The majority of these studies have used spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] in conjunction with scaled subtractions 18 or self-modeling curve resolution algorithms, such as band target entropy minimization (BTEM), 38,39 to separate the interfering spectrum of soft tissue from the spectrum of the underlying bone. In essence, these approaches consist of using multiple source-detector combinations to interrogate volumes with different ratios of bone and soft tissue and then exploiting the diversity in the spectral data to elucidate the bone signature.…”

Biological and Medical Applications of Multivariate Curve Resolution Assisted Raman Spectroscopy

“…[56][57][58][59][60][61] Raman spectroscopy has been successfully employed to both in vivo and in vitro, and one can easily find its application in various fields of medicine including pathology, 62,63 physiology, 64 virology, 65 urology, 66,67 and dentistry. [68][69][70] Either by using cells, dissected tissues or real time monitoring during surgery, researchers have demonstrated the utility of Raman spectroscopy, particularly in cancers related to brain, 71,72 83,84 Additionally, by analyzing biofluids such as blood and urine, non-invasive diagnostic assays are also being actively developed for many diseases such as diabetes (glucose level monitoring), 85,86 cancer, 87,88 asthma, 89 and malaria. 90,91 Most of these studies relied on univariate analysis (one or two marker bands used for biomolecular identification).…”

Mechanical assessment of bovine pericardium using Müeller matrix imaging, enhanced backscattering and digital image correlation analysis

“…In general, optical characterization methods allow for performing non-contact and less invasive procedures, particularly those intended to obtain mechanical features of soft tissue. Moreover, optical techniques for soft tissue tests have the potential to be integrated with fiber optics technology and lead to applications such as in vivo early tissue diagnosis [8]. In this paper, we report on the application of MMI for uniaxial tensile tests of BP previously fixed with glutaraldehyde.…”