Nonisothermal crystallization behavior of PP/rubber/clay nanocomposite

Abstract

Two different PP/rubber/clay nanocomposites, one having maleic anhydride in the PP matrix and the other having maleic anhydride in the rubber phase, were prepared by melt mixing using Brabender mixer. To enhance the dispersion of organoclay, the organoclay was treated further by amines as intercalating agent, which can react with a maleic anhydride group in the compatibilizer. The presence of maleic anhydride either in the PP phase or rubber phase could help disperse the clay selectively in the PP phase or rubber phase. Two different amines (HMDA and Jeffamine D230) Polybond3200 and Exxellor VA1803 were used. The amine treated silicate layers were made by melt intercalation using a Brabender mixer. The insertion of amine groups was checked by XRD. The nonisothermal crystallization behavior of these nanocomposites was examined to determine the effect of the location of the silicate layers. POM(polarized optical microscopy) showed that the silicate layers retarded spherulite growth rate because the clay could act as an obstacle against the movement of chain. A nanocomposite with silicate layers in the PP matrix showed a higher overall crystallization rate than the reference samples due to the larger number of effective nuclei.

Structure, nonisothermal crystallization behavior, and thermal property study of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/cellulose acetate butyrate blends

“…Meanwhile, the values of F z ( T ) of PTT/CAB (95/5) are smaller than those of PTT at each same X t , and this implied that the crystallization rate is faster of PTT/CAB (95/5) than that of PTT, which is compatible with the former conclusion dealt with modified Avrami equation. Moreover, α increased as X t increased, which is qual to the results of Wang and Run [13] and Ku [17].…”

“…Mo and coworkers [16] proposed a method combining the Avrami equation with the Ozawa equation to deal with nonisothermal crystallization process. The method aimed to investigate the relationship between the time ( t ) and the cooling rate (Φ) at a given relative crystallinity X t and was able to successfully characterize the nonisothermal crystallization behaviors of PP [17], PA6 [18], PLA [19], PTT/PP blends [13], etc. The Mo method is expressed as follows: where α is the ratio of the Avrami exponent n to the Ozawa exponent m , i.e., α = n / m .…”

Relationship between the morphology and interfacial tension of polypropylene and ethylene propylene diene monomer blends: The effect of repetitive extrusion

“…The addition of rubber reinforces its notch sensitivity and impact toughness. In this regard, the morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP) blends with various polymers or fillers have been studied, including ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber,8–11 polyurethane elastomer,12 natural rubber,13 styrene‐butadiene rubber,14 poly(acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene),15–17 polyethylene,18–22 and organoclay 22–26…”