Nonlinear dynamics of a directly modulated semiconductor laser with cavity detuning

Кунцевич, Б. Ф.; Pisarchik, Alexander N.; Кононенко, В. К.

doi:10.1007/s11082-005-7660-1

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The plot of the extreme values of the total intensity is very similar for low and large birefringence, indicating that polarization competition does not have a significant impact on the oscillations of the total power, that are governed by the current modulation. Similar asymmetric curves have been found previously in the literature, using models that do not take into account either transverse or polarization effects [40], [41].…”

Section: Larger Amplitude Modulationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Polarization Dynamics of Current-Modulated Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Masoller

Torre

Shore

2007

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-We study the dynamics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with direct current modulation in the framework of a model for index-guided VCSELs that takes into account two orthogonal linear polarizations. We analyze the effect of current modulation near the polarization switching (PS) of type I, from the high to the low frequency polarization, and near the PS of type II, from the low to the high frequency polarization. We find that the oscillations of the total power are as those of a single-mode laser, unaffected by the underlaying polarization coexistence or polarization competition. We also study the small-signal modulation response in the Fourier domain, for modulation dc values near the PS point. Close to type I PS the response of the total power as well as the response of the orthogonal polarizations has the same functional dependency on the modulation frequency, and can be fitted by the response function of a single-mode laser. Close to type II PS, polarization competition is a significant process at low modulation frequencies. The polarization-resolved modulation response displays features at low frequencies that are not present in the response of the total power, which is as that of a single-mode laser. The dynamics becomes increasingly complex as the modulation amplitude grows, and there is multistability of solutions.

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Section: Larger Amplitude Modulationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Polarization Dynamics of Current-Modulated Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Masoller

Torre

Shore

2007

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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“…The gain spectrum k(ν g ) and the rate of spontaneous radiative recombination R sp are determined within a twoband model for the active medium with no selection rule with respect to wave vector for ground-state transitions [13]:…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the calculations for the GaAs-AlGaAs system, we set the following values of the parameters [13]: d = 10 nm; k 01 = 6.32⋅10 4 cm -1 , A = 8⋅10 10 cm 3 ⋅sec -1 , A cv = 1.5⋅10 9 sec -1 , m c /m e = 0.07, N c1 = 7.56⋅10 17 cm -3 , k 1 = 15 cm -1 , Γ = 10 -2 , β = 10 -5 , µ = 1, hν 1 = 1.524 eV.…”

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confidence: 99%

Major features of frequency sweeping of emission from heterojunction quantum lasers

Кунцевич

Кононенко

2007

J Appl Spectrosc

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We have used numerical modeling to establish the major features of the variation (sweeping) of the "instantaneous" laser frequency of heterojunction quantum lasers as a function of the pump current modulation frequency and tuning of the lasing frequency within the gain band. The active medium is described within a two-band model with identical distribution of levels for the electron and hole subbands, assuming transitions with no selection rule between the ground-state subbands. Sweeping of the laser frequency occurs due to variation of the refractive index of the active medium, as a result of the variation in the concentration of nonequilibrium charge carriers. Laser frequency sweeping does not occur for low current modulation frequencies, corresponding to realization of the quasisteady-state lasing regime. In the other limiting case of relatively high current modulation frequencies, the modulation depth of the laser output also tends toward zero. The magnitude of the sweep is greatest in the intermediate current modulation frequency region. For a specified current modulation frequency, the dynamic shift of the laser mode depends on the position of the lasing frequency within the gain band.Key words: heterojunction quantum laser, pump current modulation, dynamic shift of the laser frequency (sweeping).Introduction. Using semiconductor lasers in fiber optics communications, metrology, data recording, and highresolution spectroscopy systems etc. requires obtaining emission with a narrow spectral composition. Accordingly, "dynamic single frequency" (DSF) semiconductor lasers have been developed, with practically stable operation in a lasing regime with a single longitudinal mode under conditions of high-frequency modulation of the pump current [1].We know (see, for example, [2] and citations in that paper) that even in a lasing regime with a single longitudinal mode (single-frequency regime), during emission of pulses from semiconductor lasers with pump current modulation we observe a variation in the "instantaneous" laser frequency (called deviation, chirping, dynamic shift, or sweeping). This is explained by the variation in the refractive index n in the active region and consequently variation in the instantaneous frequencies of cavity longitudinal modes and the laser emission.Characteristic features of laser frequency sweeping for semiconductor lasers during pulse emission have been studied previously in [3][4][5] for some special cases and simplifying assumptions. The effect of a dynamic shift of the laser frequency on the operation of recycling memory systems and high-speed code modulation systems based on injection lasers has been studied in [6,7].Recently [8] we used numerical modeling to study frequency sweeping of the emission from heterojunction quantum lasers with current modulation when the lasing frequency is tuned within the gain band. In this case, the active medium is described within a two-band model in which we take into account direct transitions between groundstate subbands. In this case, the g...

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“…In order to determine the gain spectrum k(ν g ) and the rate of spontaneous radiative recombination R sp , we used a two-band model for the active medium, assuming direct transitions between the ground-state subbands [14]:…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The dependences of S m on ν g0 are the "amplitude detuning characteristics" [10]. We know [10,14] that the shape of the amplitude detuning characteristics for B class lasers is determined by the ratio of the frequencies ν m and ν max r , where ν max r is the maximum resonant frequency of the laser within the gain band. The calculations show that in this case, ν max r = 1.8 GHz and is reached when hν g0max r = 1.53 eV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency sweeping of emission from heterojunction quantum lasers with pump current modulation

Кунцевич

Кононенко

2006

J Appl Spectrosc

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We have used numerical modeling to study the dynamic shift of the "instantaneous" laser frequency (sweeping) as a function of the pump current modulation frequency for heterojunction quantum lasers when the lasing frequency is tuned within the gain band. As the model for the active medium, we used a two-band model with identical distribution of levels for the electron and hole subbands, in which we take into account direct transitions between the ground-state subbands. We have established that the variation in the sweep qualitatively corresponds to the behavior of the amplitude detuning characteristics of the laser. Depending on the parameters of the system during emission of pulses, the variation in the laser frequency can be monotonic or nonmonotonic. By selecting the pump current modulation frequency and setting the laser frequency within the gain band, we can realize the cases of maximum or minimum dynamic shift of the lasing frequency.Key words: heterojunction quantum laser, pump current modulation, dynamic shift of laser emission frequency (sweeping).Introduction. Semiconductor lasers are widely used to solve various scientific and practical problems. Using them in fiber optics communications, metrology, information transfer, and high-resolution spectroscopy systems etc. requires obtaining emission with a narrow spectral composition. So currently "dynamic single frequency" (DSF) semiconductor lasers have been developed, with stable operation in a regime generating a single longitudinal mode even with high-frequency direct modulation [1]. It is thought that DSF semiconductor lasers are promising radiation sources for fiber optics communications systems, gas analysis systems, etc. [2,3].It was established earlier (see, for example, [4] and citations given in that paper) that even in a regime generating a single longitudinal mode (single-frequency regime), in semiconductor lasers with pump current modulation, during emission of pulses we observe a variation in the instantaneous laser frequency (called deviation, chirping, dynamic shift, or sweeping in the literature). Physically, this is explained by the interconnected fluctuations in the photon density S (intensity of the laser radiation) and concentration of nonequilibrium charge carriers N. Variation of N leads to a corresponding change in the refractive index n in the active region and consequently a change in the instantaneous frequency of the longitudinal mode of the cavity and the laser radiation.There have been previous studies of some features of laser frequency sweeping for semiconductor lasers during pulse emission. For example, the behavior of the variation in the instantaneous laser frequency for vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers has been examined in [5,6], and for semiconductor lasers with active and passive mode locking in [7]. The effect of a dynamic shift of the laser frequency on the operation of recycling memory systems and highspeed code modulation systems based on injection lasers has been studied in [8,9]. Analysis shows that in pr...

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Nonlinear dynamics of a directly modulated semiconductor laser with cavity detuning

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Polarization Dynamics of Current-Modulated Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Polarization Dynamics of Current-Modulated Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Major features of frequency sweeping of emission from heterojunction quantum lasers

Frequency sweeping of emission from heterojunction quantum lasers with pump current modulation

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