Nonlinear Effects in NMR

Bechmann, Matthias; Müller, Norbert

doi:10.1016/bs.arnmr.2017.04.005

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…As residual static field gradients can lead to spectral artifacts under conditions where radiation damping occurs (Pöschko et al, 2017), careful optimization of the basic magnetic field homogeneity (achieved by shimming) and sufficiently strong gradients, so that T * −1 2 exceeds the broadening caused by the radiation damping rate λ 0 rd , are prerequisites for obtaining accurate nuclear spin noise images. While the sensitivity of spin noise acquisition depends in a highly non-linear way on the radiation damping rate λ rd (McCoy and Ernst, 1989;Nausner et al, 2009;Bechmann and Müller, 2017;Pöschko et al, 2017), it is proportional to the radiation damping rate at equilibrium in this imaging regime.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phenomenon of nuclear spin noise, first predicted by Felix Bloch in 1946(Bloch, 1946, can be ascribed to the incomplete cancellation of the fluctuating spin magnetic moments in a specimen. Owing to the extremely low amplitudes of these residual fluctuations of the bulk magnetic moment, very low-noise rf (radio-frequency) circuitry is required to separate nuclear spin noise signals from background noise (Müller et al, 2013;Ferrand et al, 2015;Pöschko et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nuclear spin noise tomography in three dimensions with iterative simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) processing

et al. 2020

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Abstract. We report three-dimensional spin noise imaging (SNI) of nuclear spin density from spin noise data acquired by Faraday detection. Our approach substantially extends and improves the two-dimensional SNI method for excitation-less magnetic resonance tomography reported earlier (Müller and Jerschow, 2006). This proof of principle was achieved by taking advantage of the particular continuous nature of spin noise acquired in the presence of constant magnitude magnetic field gradients and recent advances in nuclear spin noise spectroscopy acquisition as well as novel processing techniques. In this type of projection–reconstruction-based spin noise imaging the trade-off between signal-to-noise ratio (or image contrast) and resolution can be adjusted a posteriori during processing of the original time-domain data by iterative image reconstruction in a unique way not possible in conventional rf-pulse-dependent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The 3D SNI is demonstrated as a proof of concept on a commercial 700 MHz high-resolution NMR spectrometer, using a 3D-printed polymeric phantom immersed in water.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear spin noise tomography in three dimensions with iterative simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) processing

et al. 2020

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“…Thus, NMR spectroscopy is extensively used in a wide range of applications, including organic chemistry [108], biochemistry, polymer chemistry [122], inorganic chemistry [122], structural biology [52], physics [61,[123][124][125][126][127], biology, and drug discovery [52,128,129]. Through NMR experiments, researchers can study samples in the solid state [130][131][132], gel phase [133][134][135][136], tissue state [137][138][139], gas phase, and solution state [140][141][142][143]; these approaches have been used to investigate molecular structures, concentration levels, and molecular dynamics [144][145][146]. Moreover, the continuous development of NMR experimental methods and NMR machinery, such as dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and high-field NMR spectrometers, has continuously enhanced research on the physical and chemical properties of samples [216][217][218].…”

Section: Nmr Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Using NMR spectroscopy to investigate the role played by copper in prion diseases

et al. 2020

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Prion diseases are a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders that develop as a result of the conformational conversion of normal prion protein (PrP C) to the disease-associated isoform (PrP Sc). The mechanism that actually causes disease remains unclear. However, the mechanism underlying the conformational transformation of prion protein is partially understood-in particular, there is strong evidence that copper ions play a significant functional role in prion proteins and in their conformational conversion. Various models of the interaction of copper ions with prion proteins have been proposed for the Cu (II)-binding, cell-surface glycoprotein known as prion protein (PrP). Changes in the concentration of copper ions in the brain have been associated with prion diseases and there is strong evidence that copper plays a significant functional role in the conformational conversion of PrP. Nevertheless, because copper ions have been shown to have both a positive and negative effect on prion disease onset, the role played by Cu (II) ions in these diseases remains a topic of debate. Because of the unique properties of paramagnetic Cu (II) ions in the magnetic field, their interactions with PrP can be tracked even at single atom resolution using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Various NMR approaches have been utilized to study the kinetic, thermodynamic, and structural properties of Cu (II)-PrP interactions. Here, we highlight the different models of copper interactions with PrP with particular focus on studies that use NMR spectroscopy to investigate the role played by copper ions in prion diseases.

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“…Spin noise is also relevant for interference‐free investigations of spin systems . The ultimate promise, however, is the realization of nano‐scale level (less than 10 8 spins) NMR spectroscopy, in a range where noise magnetization dominates over thermal polarization‐based magnetization . Our focus is set on spectroscopic applications for liquid samples .…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] The ultimatep romise, however, is the realization of nano-scale level (less than 10 8 spins) NMR spectroscopy,i nar ange where noise magnetization dominates over thermal polarization-based magnetization. [3,10] Our focus is set on spectroscopic applications for liquid samples. [1,[7][8][9][11][12][13] To date, spin-noise-detected NMR spectroscopy is still in an early stage of development and will require additional hardware advances for implementation at nano-scale.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spin‐Noise‐Detected Two‐Dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance at Triple Sensitivity

et al. 2018

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A major breakthrough in speed and sensitivity of 2 D spin‐noise‐detected NMR is achieved owing to a new acquisition and processing scheme called “double block usage” (DBU) that utilizes each recorded noise block in two independent cross‐correlations. The mixing, evolution, and acquisition periods are repeated head‐to‐tail without any recovery delays and well‐known building blocks of multidimensional NMR (constant‐time evolution and quadrature detection in the indirect dimension as well as pulsed field gradients) provide further enhancement and artifact suppression. Modified timing of the receiver electronics eliminates spurious random excitation. We achieve a threefold sensitivity increase over the original snHMQC (spin‐noise‐detected heteronuclear multiple quantum correlation) experiment (K. Chandra et al., J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2013, 4, 3853) and demonstrate the feasibility of spin‐noise‐detected long‐range correlation.

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Nonlinear Effects in NMR

Cited by 5 publications

References 85 publications

Nuclear spin noise tomography in three dimensions with iterative simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) processing

Nuclear spin noise tomography in three dimensions with iterative simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) processing

Using NMR spectroscopy to investigate the role played by copper in prion diseases

Spin‐Noise‐Detected Two‐Dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance at Triple Sensitivity

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