Nonlinear effects of noradrenergic modulation of olfactory bulb function in adult rodents

Abstract

Linster C, Nai Q, Ennis M. Nonlinear effects of noradrenergic modulation of olfactory bulb function in adult rodents.

Functional differentiation of cholinergic and noradrenergic modulation in a biophysical model of olfactory bulb granule cells

“…10, A and D). Consequently, in agreement with experimental data, higher concentrations of NE inhibited spontaneous, but not odor-evoked, MC firing, thereby increasing the SNR of odor activation in MCs (Linster et al 2011). Whereas NE (0.3 M) slightly reduced MC synchrony, NE (3.0 M) increased MC spike synchronization, but to a lesser degree than 2.0 M CCh (SI, controls: 0.31; CCh 2.0 M: 0.47; NE 0.3 M: 0.29; NE 3.0 M: 0.40; compare Fig.…”

“…The mammalian OB receives massive cholinergic inputs from the basal forebrain and dense noradrenergic innervations from the locus coeruleus, both of which have profound effects on odor processing as well as on olfactory learning and memory Linster et al 2011). One common target of cholinergic and noradrenergic modulation is the GC population.…”

α2-Adrenergic receptor activation promotes long-term potentiation at excitatory synapses in the mouse accessory olfactory bulb

“…This finding is in line with the previous report that α 2 -AR activation decreased Ca 2+ currents via N-type/R-type Ca 2+ channels in MCs in AOB slice preparations (Dong et al 2009), which would be expected to have a disinhibitory effect on MC activity. NA has multiple effects on bulbar cellular and synaptic parameters in the MOB, and these effects are strongly concentration dependent (Linster et al 2011). In the present study, NA reduced the baseline fEPSP slope (Fig.…”

Olfactory perceptual learning requires action of noradrenaline in the olfactory bulb: comparison with olfactory associative learning

“…Alteration of the noradrenergic system might thus lead to some of the reported age-associated olfactory learning deficits (Rey et al 2012;Moreno et al 2014). Our results do not deny the possibility that noradrenergic transmission might be required for olfactory associative learning in other brain areas, such as in the hippocampus, amygdala, piriform cortex, and basolateral amygdala (Miranda et al 2007;Debiec et al 2011;Linster et al 2011).…”

“…Around 40% of LC neurons project to the OB, where the noradrenergic fibers innervate most OB layers, with a higher density of fibers in the internal plexiform and granule cell layers (Shipley et al 1985;McLean et al 1989). Noradrenaline modulates the activity of OB mitral cells, granular and periglomerular interneurons via interactions with both a and b noradrenergic receptor subtypes (for review, see Linster et al 2011). In addition to its impact on arousal and sensory processing in all modalities (for review, see Sara and Bouret 2012), noradrenaline plays a critical role in various olfactory-guided behaviors.…”