Nonlinear Finite-Element Analysis of the Lower Cervical Spine (C4–C6) Under Axial Loading

Ng, Hong-Wan; Teo, Ee-Chon

doi:10.1097/00002517-200106000-00003

Cited by 73 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Compared with the biomechanical analysis of specimens, FE analysis has some advantages. It can simulate the complex geometric structure of cervical vertebrae in computer based on the scan data (6,16,20,26), and the experiments can be repeated dozens of times in computers cutting the cost (7,21,29). The biomechanical experiments on specimens can only measure the mechanical properties of bone surface, while FE analysis show high efficiency on mechanical analysis of the internal structure of the cervical vertebrae.…”

Section: █ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of finite element model for an artificial atlanto-odontoid joint replacement and analysis of its biomechanical properties

Hu¹,

Dong²,

Hann³

et al. 2014

Turkish Neurosurgery

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However, intraoperative flipping of a patient may aggravate cervical spinal cord injury. To solve this problem, some (1,28) have adopted the transoropharyngeal atlantoaxial reduction plate (TARP); however, this fusion technique restricts normal physiological range of motion (ROM) of the upper cervical spine. Several prospective studies of artificial atlantoodontoid joint (AAOJ) replacement have been reported (11-13,18) but finite element biomechanical analysis of AAOJ has not yet been reported to the authors knowledge. We reported a design of an AAOJ that can not only rebuild the stability of the atlanto-axial joint, but also reserve the rotation function █ INTRODUCTIONThe anterior high cervical spine fusion technique is often performed to relieve ventral compression and to improve the stability of the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) (8,10,17,24). Some of the indications include congenital atlanto-occipital fusion induced C1-C2 joint laxity and chronic dislocation; basilar invagination; congenital odontoid malformation caused C1-C2 dislocation; rheumatoid arthritis induced compression and C1-C2 dislocation; and brainstem and cord compression from CVJ tumors. These are typically treated by transoral decompression combined with posterior fusion (1,2,5). AIM:To investigate the stress distribution on artificial atlantoaxial-odontoid joint (AAOJ) components during flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation of AAOJ model constructed with the finite element (FE) method. MATERIAL and METHODS:Human cadaver specimens of normal AAOJ were CT scanned with 1 mm -thickness and transferred into Mimics software to reconstruct the three-dimensional models of AAOJ. These data were imported into Freeform software to place a AAOJ into a atlantoaxial model. With Ansys software, a geometric model of AAOJ was built. Perpendicular downward pressure of 40 N was applied to simulate gravity of a skull, then 1.53 N• m torque was exerted separately to simulate the range of motion of the model. RESULTS:An FE model of atlantoaxial joint after AAOJ replacement was constructed with a total of 103 053 units and 26 324 nodes. In flexion, extension, right lateral bending and right rotation, the AAOJ displacement was 1.109 mm, 3.31 mm, 0.528 mm, and 9.678 mm, respectively, and the range of motion was 1.6°, 5.1°, 4.6° and 22°.CONCLUSION: During all ROM, stress distribution of atlas-axis changed after AAOJ replacement indicating that AAOJ can offload stress. The stress distribution in the AAOJ can be successfully analyzed with the FE method.

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Section: █ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of finite element model for an artificial atlanto-odontoid joint replacement and analysis of its biomechanical properties

Hu¹,

Dong²,

Hann³

et al. 2014

Turkish Neurosurgery

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“…The intervertebral discs were composed of the annulus fibrosus and the nucleus pulposus. The material of annulus fibrosus was also derived from previous studies [14,17]. The nucleus was modelled using incompressible solid elements whose volume was approximately 33 % of the entire disc volume [18].…”

Section: Data Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ligaments were defined as axial tension-only truss elements. The material properties of the model were derived from literatures [14,15,17] and listed in Table 1.…”

Section: Data Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dynamic finite element model of human cervical spine with in vivo kinematic validation

et al. 2014

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Most previous cervical spine finite element (FE) models were validated using in vitro cadaver measurement data from literatures. Although in vitro measurement can provide valuable data for model verification, the in vivo mechanical and physiological conditions of the cervical spine during its natural motions cannot be reproduced in vitro. In this study, a human FE model of skull (C0) and spinal vertebrae (C1-T1) was developed. The in vivo kinematic characteristics of head and neck were obtained from optoelectronic system, and used for the validation of the FE model. The simulation results showed good agreement with the measured data in left/right lateral bending and left/right axial rotation, while discrepancy existed during flexion. The predicted segmental cervical vertebral angles were compared against data from previous in vivo experiment, too. Furthermore, the skin shift data from previous study was used to compensate the experimental measurement during flexion and left/right lateral bending. The results showed the model was successfully validated with the in vivo experimental data.

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“…These dynamic models include the skull and all of the vertebrae and discs (1,25,39). In contrast, models that are proposed for static simulation present more details of the geometry and material properties of the cervical spine (4, 24,27,48). However, these models do not include all segments of the cervical spine.…”

Section: Zafarparandeh I Et Al: Finite Element Model Of the Human Cementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an alternative to the CT technique, direct digitization of dried or embalmed cadaveric bones may provide excellent geometric fidelity at the expense of an extensive period of time (15,26,27,28,40,41,50). Another major concern in FE modeling of the spine involves the material properties of the spinal components, which vary broadly, even within a specific structure.…”

Section: Fe Model Of the Cervical Spinementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a finite element model of the human cervical spine

Zafarparandeh

Erbulut²,

Lazoğlu³

et al. 2013

Turkish Neurosurgery

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The finite element model has been used as an effective tool in human spine biomechanics. Biomechanical finite element models have provided basic insights into the workings of the cervical spine system. Advancements in numerical methods during the last decade have enabled researchers to propose more accurate models of the cervical spine. The new finite element model of the cervical spine considers the accurate representation of each tissue regarding the geometry and material. The aim of this paper is to address the new advancements in the finite element model of the human cervical spine. The procedures for creating a finite element model are introduced, including geometric construction, material-property assignment, boundary conditions and validation. The most recent and published finite element models of the cervical spine are reviewed. KEywoRds: Finite element modelling, Cervical spine, Numerical method ÖZSonlu eleman yöntemi efektif bir araç olarak omurga biyomekaniğinde yaygın kullanılmaktadır. Servikal omurga içerisinde meydana gelebilecek biyomekanik değişimlerin incelenmesine fırsat verebilmektedir. Geçtiğimiz on yıl içerisinde, geliştirilmiş olan nümerik metodlar sayesinde, daha gerçekçi omurga modellerinin çıkarılması sağlanmıştır. Günümüzde, servikal omurga modellerinde kullanılan geometri ve malzeme özellikleri olabildiğince gerçeğe yakın oluşturulabilmektedir. Bu makalenin amacı, sonlu eleman yöntemi kullanılarak insan servikal modellinin oluşturulmasını örneklerle açıklamaktır. Servikal omurga modelinin sonlu eleman yöntemi ile oluşturulmasının her bir adımı detaylı ele alınmıştır. Literatürde en son yayınlanan servikal omurga sonlu eleman modelleri incelenmiş ve karşılaştırılmıştır.

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Nonlinear Finite-Element Analysis of the Lower Cervical Spine (C4–C6) Under Axial Loading

Cited by 73 publications

References 13 publications

Construction of finite element model for an artificial atlanto-odontoid joint replacement and analysis of its biomechanical properties

Construction of finite element model for an artificial atlanto-odontoid joint replacement and analysis of its biomechanical properties

A dynamic finite element model of human cervical spine with in vivo kinematic validation

Development of a finite element model of the human cervical spine

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