Nonlinear interaction of gravity waves in a nonisothermal and dissipative atmosphere

Huang, Kaiming; Zhang, S. D.; Yi, Fan; Huang, Chunming; Gan, Quan; Gong, Yun; Zhang, Y. H.

doi:10.5194/angeo-32-263-2014

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…The oscillation amplitude increases from 13.8 m s −1 at 82 km to its maximum value of 20.3 m s −1 at 89 km and then decreases to 7.5 m s −1 at 96 km. The rapid decay in the amplitude might have a close relation to intense eddy diffusion in the mesopause region and energy exchange between the oscillation and the shear wind (Huang et al, 2010(Huang et al, , 2014. The oscillation phase exhibits a feature of downward progression, implying that the quasi-27-day oscillation propagates upward.…”

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Observational evidence of quasi-27-day oscillation propagating from the lower atmosphere to the mesosphere over 20° N

et al. 2015

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Abstract. By using meteor radar, radiosonde and satellite observations over 20 • N and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data during 81 days from 22 December 2004 to 12 March 2005, a quasi-27-day oscillation propagating from the troposphere to the mesosphere is reported. A pronounced 27-day periodicity is observed in the raw zonal wind from meteor radar. Spectral analysis shows that the oscillation also occurs in the meridional wind and temperature and propagates westward with wavenumber s = 1; thus the oscillation is of Rossby wave type. The oscillation attains a large amplitude of about 12 m s −1 in the eastward wind shear region of the troposphere. When the wind shear reverses, its amplitude rapidly decays, and the background wind gradually evolves to be westward. However, the oscillation can penetrate through the weak westward wind field due to its relatively large phase speed. After this, the oscillation restrengthens with its upward propagation and reaches about 20 m s −1 in the mesosphere. Reanalysis data show that the oscillation can propagate to the mid and high latitudes from the low latitudes and has large amplitudes over there. There is another interesting phenomenon that a quasi-46-day oscillation appears simultaneously in the troposphere, but it cannot penetrate through the westward wind field because of its smaller phase speed. In the observational interval, a quasi-27-day periodicity in outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR) and specific humidity is found in a latitudinal zone of 5-20 • N. Thus the quasi-27-day oscillation may be an atmospheric response to forcing due to the convective activity with a period of about 27 days in the tropical region.

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Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Observational evidence of quasi-27-day oscillation propagating from the lower atmosphere to the mesosphere over 20° N

et al. 2015

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“…The former can be seen in a wider latitude range of 7.5°N–32.5°N, whereas the latter only appears at latitudes 0–12.5°N. Many numerical and observational studies (Huang et al ., ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ) suggested that an atmospheric wave with frequency f 3 could be excited by two prescribed waves (with different frequencies f 1 and f 2 , respectively) through interaction when their frequencies satisfy the matching conditions f 1 ± f 2 = f 3 . Barnett () and Mayr et al .…”

Section: Vertical Wave‐number Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

The vertical wave number spectra of potential energy density in the stratosphere deduced from the COSMIC satellite observation

Yan

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2018

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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The statistical analysis shows that the spectral amplitude (defined as the maximum spectral energy density) varies from 0.1 × 10 4 m 2 s −2 (cycle/m) −1 to 3.2 × 10 4 m 2 s −2 (cycle/m) −1 , generally smaller than the theoretical saturated spectral amplitude, with remarkable temporal and spatial variations. Due to the latitudinal and seasonal variations of the background winds and wave sources, the amplitude exhibits obvious quasi-biennial, annual and semi-annual cycles at low latitudes, and the annual cycle at middle and high latitudes.The spectral slope, ranging from −1.6 to −3.0, is systematically less negative than the canonical value of −3, and exhibits a quasi-biennial cycle at low latitudes, annual cycle at middle and high latitudes, and semi-annual cycle at boreal high latitudes. Different from the amplitude, the slope shows weaker temporal and latitudinal variations, strongly indicating a more universal feature of the slope, which mainly results from the wave propagation process (such as the wave-wave or wave-background flow interactions) rather than the wave source characteristics. Furthermore, we statistically study the longitudinal variation of the spectral parameters. The spectral amplitude at different latitudes shows an obvious and distinctive longitudinal distribution, which is attributed to the latitude-dependent jet and front mechanisms and/or orography. However, the slope has no evident longitudinal distribution except over around 120 • W, 67 • W and 85 • E. This may be accounted for by the fact that orography-excited gravity waves are easily influenced by the background winds due to their low frequencies. Interestingly, the amplitude and slope have negative correlation at most latitudes. Larger spectral amplitudes could mean that the gravity wave spectrum is more strongly saturated, resulting in a spectral slope closer to the theoretical value of −3. KEYWORDS

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“…Gravity waves (GWs) play an important role in atmospheric dynamics and strongly influences the local and global atmospheric dynamical processes and atmospheric structures (Alexander, ; Alexander & Pfister, ; Fritts & Alexander, ; Fritts & Rastogi, ; Lindzen, ). Meanwhile, the GWs propagation will also be affected by the background atmosphere they propagate through (e.g., Heale & Snively, ; Huang et al, , , , ; Zhang & Yi, , ). Previous studies (e.g., Fritts & Yuan, ; Hecht et al, ; Vadas, ; Walterscheid et al, ; Walterscheid & Hickey, ) suggested that if the atmospheric temperature or wind satisfies the specific conditions, gravity wave (GW) ducting can occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Numerical Study of Gravity Wave Propagation Characteristics in the Stratospheric Thermal Duct

et al. 2018

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We developed a fully nonlinear, two-dimensional, numerical model to simulate the long horizontal distance propagations of atmospheric gravity waves in a stratospheric thermal duct. The numerical results show that after the wind disturbance excited by the initial wave forcing enters the duct completely, symmetric and antisymmetric modes can be identified in the horizontal direction. The frequency-wave number spectrum indicates that various modes with different spatial structures can exist simultaneously in the duct. The primary parameters (horizontal wavelength, vertical wavelength and wave frequency) of the ducted wave packets in a given thermal duct are mainly determined by the horizontal wavelength of the initial wave forcing. The mean ratio of the upward propagating energy to the downward propagating energy in the thermal duct was regarded as an approximation of the power standing wave ratio (PSWR). The time variation of PSWR indicates that the standing wave was formed with the propagation of the ducted waves. During the gravity waves ducted propagation, most wave energy is restricted to the ducting region and dissipates slowly with time. The higher the wave frequency (or the shorter the horizontal wavelength) of the initial wave forcing, the slower the wave energy dissipates.

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Nonlinear interaction of gravity waves in a nonisothermal and dissipative atmosphere

Cited by 29 publications

References 86 publications

Observational evidence of quasi-27-day oscillation propagating from the lower atmosphere to the mesosphere over 20° N

Observational evidence of quasi-27-day oscillation propagating from the lower atmosphere to the mesosphere over 20° N

The vertical wave number spectra of potential energy density in the stratosphere deduced from the COSMIC satellite observation

A Numerical Study of Gravity Wave Propagation Characteristics in the Stratospheric Thermal Duct

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