Nonlinear optical interactions in silicon waveguides

Kuyken, Bart; Léo, François; Clemmen, Stéphane; Dave, Utsav D.; Laer, Raphaël Van; Ideguchi, Takuro; Zhao, Haolan; Liu, Xu; Safioui, Jassem; Coen, Stéphane; Gorza, Simon-Pierre; Selvaraja, Shankar Kumar; Massar, Serge; Osgood, Richard M.; Verheyen, Peter; Campenhout, Joris Van; Baets, Roel; Green, W.M. J.; Roelkens, Günther

doi:10.1515/nanoph-2016-0001

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Silicon waveguides bear the advantage of heterogeneous integration [27,28]. However, beyond certain intra-cavity intensities and laser powers, using silicon limits the lowest achievable linewidth through nonlinear loss [27,29], specifically, due to two-photon absorption across the relatively small bandgap of silicon [30]. Avoiding high intensities is difficult when having to select a single longitudinal mode within the wide semiconductor gain spectrum, because high-finesse filtering for strong side mode suppression is associated with resonantly enhanced power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid integrated InP-Si₃N₄ diode laser with a 40-Hz intrinsic linewidth

et al. 2020

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We demonstrate a hybrid integrated and widely tunable diode laser with an intrinsic linewidth as narrow as 40 Hz, achieved with a single roundtrip through a low-loss feedback circuit that extends the cavity length to 0.5 meter on a chip. Employing solely dielectrics for single-roundtrip, single-mode resolved feedback filtering enables linewidth narrowing with increasing laser power, without limitations through nonlinear loss. We achieve single-frequency oscillation with up to 23 mW fiber coupled output power, 70-nm wide spectral coverage in the 1.55 µm wavelength range with 3 mW output and obtain more than 60 dB side mode suppression. Such properties and options for further linewidth narrowing render the approach of high interest for direct integration in photonic circuits serving microwave photonics, coherent communications, sensing and metrology with highest resolution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid integrated InP-Si₃N₄ diode laser with a 40-Hz intrinsic linewidth

et al. 2020

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“…Compared to continuous-wave (CW) lasers, these nonlinear losses are expected to be large in mode-locked lasers, due to the relatively high intensity of the pulses that travel through the resonator, if it consists entirely of semiconductor material. For instance, with 10 mW of average power, a 6 cm long silicon waveguide feedback circuit would have a rather small TPA in the order of a percent for a CW laser [23]. However, already with a few modes, for instance 10 equally strong modes, the two-photon loss becomes clearly noticeable (estimated 60%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linewidth narrowing via low-loss dielectric waveguide feedback circuits in hybrid integrated frequency comb lasers

Mak¹,

Rees²,

Fan³

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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We present an integrated hybrid semiconductor-dielectric (InP-Si 3 N 4) waveguide laser that generates frequency combs at a wavelength around 1.5 µm with a record-low intrinsic optical linewidth of 34 kHz. This is achieved by extending the cavity photon lifetime using a low-loss dielectric waveguide circuit. In our experimental demonstration, the on-chip, effective optical path length of the laser cavity is extended to 6 cm. The resulting linewidth narrowing shows the high potential of on-chip, highly coherent frequency combs with direct electrical pumping, based on hybrid and heterogeneous integrated circuits making use of low-loss dielectric waveguides.

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“…This enables an efficient conversion of ultrashort pulses also with short interaction lengths while preserving coherence. For instance, pulses with up to a few hundred femtoseconds have been used for efficient SCG in short optical waveguides while maintaining a high degree of coherence [12][13][14]. As a second advantage the integrated optical approach offers a route for high-volume and low-cost fabrication, in particular when the waveguide platform is compatible with metal-oxidesemiconductor (CMOS) fabrication facilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-octave spanning supercontinuum generation in stoichiometric silicon nitride waveguides pumped at telecom wavelengths

et al. 2017

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We demonstrate supercontinuum generation in stoichiometric silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 in SiO 2 ) integrated optical waveguides, pumped at telecommunication wavelengths. The pump laser is a mode-locked erbium fiber laser at a wavelength of 1.56 µm with a pulse duration of 120 fs. With a waveguide-internal pulse energy of 1.4 nJ and a waveguide with 1.0 µm x 0.9 µm cross section, designed for anomalous dispersion across the 1500 nm telecommunication range, the output spectrum extends from the visible, at around 526 nm, up to the mid-infrared, at least to 2.6 µm, the instrumental limit of our detection. This output spans more than 2.2 octaves (454 THz at the -30 dB level). The measured output spectra agree well with theoretical modeling based on the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The infrared part of the supercontinuum spectra shifts progressively towards the mid-infrared, well beyond 2.6 µm, by increasing the width of the waveguides. Fermann, I. Hartl, and J. Ye, "Ultrabroadband coherent supercontinuum frequency comb," Phys. Rev. A 84, 011806 (2011). 4. H. Kano and H. Hamaguchi, "Characterization of a supercontinuum generated from a photonic crystal fiber and its application to coherent Raman spectroscopy," Opt. Lett. 28, 2360Lett. 28, -2362Lett. 28, (2003

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Nonlinear optical interactions in silicon waveguides

Cited by 26 publications

References 64 publications

Hybrid integrated InP-Si₃N₄ diode laser with a 40-Hz intrinsic linewidth

Hybrid integrated InP-Si₃N₄ diode laser with a 40-Hz intrinsic linewidth

Linewidth narrowing via low-loss dielectric waveguide feedback circuits in hybrid integrated frequency comb lasers

Two-octave spanning supercontinuum generation in stoichiometric silicon nitride waveguides pumped at telecom wavelengths

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Nonlinear optical interactions in silicon waveguides

Cited by 26 publications

References 64 publications

Hybrid integrated InP-Si3N4 diode laser with a 40-Hz intrinsic linewidth

Hybrid integrated InP-Si3N4 diode laser with a 40-Hz intrinsic linewidth

Linewidth narrowing via low-loss dielectric waveguide feedback circuits in hybrid integrated frequency comb lasers

Two-octave spanning supercontinuum generation in stoichiometric silicon nitride waveguides pumped at telecom wavelengths

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Hybrid integrated InP-Si₃N₄ diode laser with a 40-Hz intrinsic linewidth

Hybrid integrated InP-Si₃N₄ diode laser with a 40-Hz intrinsic linewidth