Nonlinear optical materials for integrated optics: Telecommunications and sensors

Dorn, R.; Baums, D.; Kersten, Peter; Regener, Rolf A.

doi:10.1002/adma.19920040703

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The solution was cooled in an ice bath for 30 min, resulting in the precipitation of a white polymer, which was isolated by decanting off the supernatant liquor and was dried in vacuo. Subsequent analysis confirmed the identity of this solid as being 40 mg of PTHF 1810 3 ]-Cl 2 dye, were film-cast onto glass substrates via slow evaporation of the solvent at ambient temperatures over ∼24 h. The resultant films were annealed at 80°C in a vacuum oven for ∼48 h to remove residual solvent, and the thickness of the films (∼0.1 mm) was determined with a micrometer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorescent Oxygen Sensors Utilizing Sulfur−Nitrogen−Phosphorus Polymer Matrixes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Poly(thionylphosphazene)-b-Poly(tetrahydrofuran) Block Copolymers

et al. 2000

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We examine the use of thionylphosphazene-based block copolymers as matrixes for oxygen sensor applications. Poly(aminothionylphosphazene)-b-poly(tetrahydrofuran) (PATPy-PTHFx) block copolymers were prepared via reaction of ring-opened poly(chlorothionylphosphazene) with THF and subsequently with excess n-butylamine (to form PBATPy-PTHFx) or methylamine (to form PMATPy-PTHFx). The block copolymers were characterized by NMR, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry. Films of PBATPy-PTHFx block copolymers containing platinum octaethylporphyrin or [Ru(dpp)3]Cl2 (dpp = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) as the oxygen-sensitive chromophore were prepared, and time-scan experiments were carried out to determine the diffusion coefficients, Do2, and solubilities, So2, of oxygen therein. Despite microphase separation, the data fit well to a simple Fick's law description of oxygen diffusion and gave Do2 values smaller than that for the n-butylamino-substituted PBATP635. For films freshly annealed above the melting point of PTHFx, the Do2 values were 35-50% (dye-dependent) larger than after aging 3 days at room temperature. Films with [Ru(dpp)3]Cl2 as the dye were evaluated as media for phosphorescent pressure-sensing. The dye-containing polymer films exhibit linear Stern-Volmer-like plots, even at high dye concentrations, as well as good photostability, and significantly higher sensitivity to oxygen quenching than simple mixtures of the analogous homopolymers.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorescent Oxygen Sensors Utilizing Sulfur−Nitrogen−Phosphorus Polymer Matrixes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Poly(thionylphosphazene)-b-Poly(tetrahydrofuran) Block Copolymers

et al. 2000

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“…[1][2][3][4] Conventional laser technologies rely mainly on solid-state active materials operating in the infrared (IR) region of the spectrum. In addition to their widespread use in telecommunication, IR lasers are broadly used in optical recording and image processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft‐Lithographed Up‐Converted Distributed Feedback Visible Lasers Based on CdSe–CdZnS–ZnS Quantum Dots

Todescato

Fortunati

Gardin

et al. 2011

Adv Funct Materials

101

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The development of a solution-deposited up-converted distributed feedback laser prototype is presented. It employs a sol-gel silica/germania soft-lithographed microcavity and CdSe-CdZnS-ZnS quantum dot/sol-gel zirconia composites as optical gain material. Characterization of the linear and nonlinear optical properties of quantum dots establishes their high absorption cross-sections in the one-and two-photon absorption regimes to be 1 × 10 −14 cm 2 and 5 × 10 4 GM, respectively. In addition, ultrafast transient absorption dynamics measurements of the graded seal quantum dots reveal that the Auger recombination lifetime is 220 ps, a value two times higher than that of the corresponding CdSe core. These factors enable the use of such quantum dots as optically pumped gain media, operating in the one-and two-photon absorption regime. The incorporation of CdSe-CdZnSZnS quantum dots within a zirconia host matrix affords a quantum-dot ink that can be directly deposited on our soft-lithographed distributed feedback grating to form an all-solution-processed microcavity laser.

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“…In recent years, organic NLO (nonlinear optical) materials have attained great interest due to their remarkable uses in photonics and optoelectronics comprising optical signal processing, optical communications, optical data storage and optoelectronic transfer [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. To display prominent second-order NLO properties, a molecule should be non-centrosymmetric along with intramolecular charge transfer transitions, a large transition dipole moment and a huge difference in the molecular dipole moment at the ground and excited state [ 20 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of 5-Aryl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxamides via Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reactions, Their Electronic and Nonlinear Optical Properties through DFT Calculations

et al. 2021

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Synthesis of 5-aryl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxamides (4a–4n) by a Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of 5-bromo-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxamide (3) with various aryl/heteroaryl boronic acids/pinacol esters was observed in this article. The intermediate compound 3 was prepared by condensation of pyrazin-2-amine (1) with 5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid (2) mediated by TiCl4. The target pyrazine analogs (4a–4n) were confirmed by NMR and mass spectrometry. In DFT calculation of target molecules, several reactivity parameters like FMOs (EHOMO, ELUMO), HOMO–LUMO energy gap, electron affinity (A), ionization energy (I), electrophilicity index (ω), chemical softness (σ) and chemical hardness (η) were considered and discussed. Effect of various substituents was observed on values of the HOMO–LUMO energy gap and hyperpolarizability. The p-electronic delocalization extended over pyrazine, benzene and thiophene was examined in studying the NLO behavior. The chemical shifts of 1H NMR of all the synthesized compounds 4a–4n were calculated and compared with the experimental values.

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Nonlinear optical materials for integrated optics: Telecommunications and sensors

Cited by 47 publications

References 49 publications

Phosphorescent Oxygen Sensors Utilizing Sulfur−Nitrogen−Phosphorus Polymer Matrixes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Poly(thionylphosphazene)-b-Poly(tetrahydrofuran) Block Copolymers

Phosphorescent Oxygen Sensors Utilizing Sulfur−Nitrogen−Phosphorus Polymer Matrixes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Poly(thionylphosphazene)-b-Poly(tetrahydrofuran) Block Copolymers

Soft‐Lithographed Up‐Converted Distributed Feedback Visible Lasers Based on CdSe–CdZnS–ZnS Quantum Dots

Facile Synthesis of 5-Aryl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxamides via Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reactions, Their Electronic and Nonlinear Optical Properties through DFT Calculations

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