Nonlinear perpendicular propagation of ordinary mode electromagnetic wave packets in pair plasmas and electron-positron-ion plasmas

Kourakis, Ioannis; Verheest, Frank; Cramer, N. F.

doi:10.1063/1.2446373

Cited by 87 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Some features of the experimentally observed modes still remain unexplained. These experimental works have been followed by numerous studies, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] dealing with various aspects of linear and nonlinear waves and instabilities in pair-ion plasmas. In addition to this, the recent successful production of a pairhydrogen plasma, 4 which is even more attractive because of the small ion mass and the obvious consequences related to this, indicates that the number of experiments and analytical studies in this particular field will grow even further.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…So far, studies dealing with waves and instabilities [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] have been carried out mainly in the framework of a local mode analysis and in Cartesian geometry. However, the experimental conditions mentioned above 1-4 are such that, in some domains of frequencies and wavelengths, the proper cylindric geometry is to be used and the effects of the plasma boundary on the modes are to be taken into account.…”

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Global convective cell formation in pair-ion plasmas

Vranjes

Poedts

2008

Physics of Plasmas

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The global electrostatic mode in pair-ion plasmas is discussed for cylindric geometry and for a radially inhomogeneous equilibrium density. In the case of a Gaussian radial density profile, exact analytical eigensolutions are found in terms of the Kummer confluent hypergeometric functions. The mode is identified as a convective cell propagating in the poloidal and axial direction, having at the same time a standing wave structure in the radial direction. © 2008 American Institute of Physics. ͓DOI: 10.1063/1.2907160͔A new research field and a new area of increasing scientific activity have emerged recently after a series of experiments [1][2][3][4] in which a pure pair-ion plasma has been produced; i.e., a plasma without electrons. The two ions, i.e., C 60 Ϯ , are produced in a simultaneous process of impact ionization and electron attachment, and further collected by a magnetic filtering effect; i.e., by a diffusion in the radial direction ͑perpendicular to the magnetic field lines͒. Being separated from electrons, the ions are then collected in a narrow and elongated chamber ͑90 cm long and with a diameter of 8 cm͒. In Refs. 2-4, several types of modes have been reported in such plasmas; viz., the ion plasma wave, the ion acoustic wave ͑IAW͒, and the so-called intermediate frequency wave. The detailed measurements presented in the most recent Refs. 3 and 4, reveal that the IAW actually has two separate branches, and is accompanied by some additional backward propagating mode between these two branches. Some features of the experimentally observed modes still remain unexplained. These experimental works have been followed by numerous studies, 5-14 dealing with various aspects of linear and nonlinear waves and instabilities in pair-ion plasmas. In addition to this, the recent successful production of a pairhydrogen plasma, 4 which is even more attractive because of the small ion mass and the obvious consequences related to this, indicates that the number of experiments and analytical studies in this particular field will grow even further. The topic is interesting also in view of the fact that a similar pair plasma, comprising much lighter particles ͑electrons and positrons͒ in the past years has also been created under laboratory conditions. 15 The knowledge of processes in such plasmas will help us to understand the physics of some pairplasmas in space, comprising electrons and positrons, as in the atmospheres of pulsars and in active galactic nuclei, and even in flares in the lower solar atmosphere.So far, studies dealing with waves and instabilities 5-14 have been carried out mainly in the framework of a local mode analysis and in Cartesian geometry. However, the experimental conditions mentioned above 1-4 are such that, in some domains of frequencies and wavelengths, the proper cylindric geometry is to be used and the effects of the plasma boundary on the modes are to be taken into account. Therefore, in the present work we shall focus on frequencies below the ion gyrofrequency, on the effect of radial densi...

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Global convective cell formation in pair-ion plasmas

Vranjes

Poedts

2008

Physics of Plasmas

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“…Some authors have expressed their doubts about these observations. [11][12][13][14] It has been pointed out by one of the present authors 15 that the produced pair-ion fullerene plasma contains electrons as well and it is important to invent some technique to measure the electron density in a PI plasma. A theoretical criterion to define the system as a pure PI plasma has also been presented in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Shear flow-driven electrostatic instabilities in low density and low temperature pair-ion plasmas with and without electrons

2011

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The shear flow-driven electrostatic instabilities are investigated in ideal low density, low temperature pair-ion-electron and pure pair-ion plasmas in several different cases, including homogeneous and inhomogeneous density effects. In uniform pair-ion-electron plasma, when the shear flow is of the order of the acoustic speed, the purely growing D'Angelo mode can give rise to electrostatic fields. In the case of an inhomogeneous plasma, the drift wave becomes unstable. The presence of negative ions, however, reduces the growth rate. If the positive and negative ions are not in thermal equilibrium with each other, then the shear flow also gives rise to an electrostatic instability in pure pair-ion plasma.

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“…Nonlinear excitations predicted to occur in pair plasmas and e-p-i plasmas include ES solitons [12,15], EM solitons [16] and localized-envelope modulated wavepackets (envelope solitons) of either low-frequency ES [10,11], high-frequency ES [17] or EM [18] type, relying on an exhaustive use of the nonlinear plasma toolbox, including the Korteweg -de Vries (KdV) and Zakharov-Kuznetsov (ZK) Equation(s), the Sagdeev pseudopotential formalism and the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) Equation, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Dynamics of Rotating Multi-Component Pair Plasmas and e-p-i Plasmas

Kourakis

Moslem

Abdelsalam

et al. 2009

Plasma and Fusion Research

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The propagation of small amplitude stationary profile nonlinear electrostatic excitations in a pair plasma is investigated, mainly drawing inspiration from experiments on fullerene pair-ion plasmas. Two distinct pair ion species are considered of opposite polarity and same mass, in addition to a massive charged background species, which is assumed to be stationary, given the frequency scale of interest. In the pair-ion context, the third species is thought of as a background defect (e.g. charged dust) component. On the other hand, the model also applies formally to electron-positron-ion (e-p-i) plasmas, if one neglects electron-positron annihilation. A two-fluid plasma model is employed, incorporating both Lorentz and Coriolis forces, thus taking into account the interplay between the gyroscopic (Larmor) frequency ω c and the (intrinsic) plasma rotation frequency Ω 0 . By employing a multi-dimensional reductive perturbation technique, a Zakharov-Kuznetsov (ZK) type equation is derived for the evolution of the electric potential perturbation. Assuming an arbitrary direction of propagation, with respect to the magnetic field, we derive the exact form of nonlinear solutions, and study their characteristics. A parametric analysis is carried out, as regards the effect of the dusty plasma composition (background number density), species temperature(s) and the relative strength of rotation to Larmor frequencies. It is shown that the Larmor and mechanical rotation affect the pulse dynamics via a parallel-to-transverse mode coupling diffusion term, which in fact diverges at ω c → ±2Ω 0 . Pulses collapse at this limit, as nonlinearity fails to balance dispersion. The analysis is complemented by investigating critical plasma compositions, in fact near-symmetric (T − ≈ T + ) "pure" (n − ≈ n + ) pair plasmas, i.e. when the concentration of the 3rd background species is negligible, case in which the (quadratic) nonlinearity vanishes, so one needs to resort to higher order nonlinear theory. A modified ZK equation is derived and analyzed. Our results are of relevance in pair-ion (fullerene) experiments and also potentially in astrophysical environments, e.g. in pulsars.

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Nonlinear perpendicular propagation of ordinary mode electromagnetic wave packets in pair plasmas and electron-positron-ion plasmas

Cited by 87 publications

References 37 publications

Global convective cell formation in pair-ion plasmas

Global convective cell formation in pair-ion plasmas

Shear flow-driven electrostatic instabilities in low density and low temperature pair-ion plasmas with and without electrons

Nonlinear Dynamics of Rotating Multi-Component Pair Plasmas and e-p-i Plasmas

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