Nonlinear plant–plant interactions modulate impact of extreme drought and recovery on a Mediterranean ecosystem

Haberstroh, Simon; Caldeira, María C.; Lobo‐do‐Vale, Raquel; Martins, Joana T.; Moemken, Julia; Pinto, Joaquim G.; Werner, Christiane

doi:10.1111/nph.17522

Cited by 20 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Evapotranspiration (ET), ecosystem respiration (R eco ), and gross primary productivity (GPP) declined relative to predrought values by 58, 50, and 47%, respectively. Each of these fluxes decreased further during severe drought, but at lower rates (30,27, and 32% of pre-drought values, respectively). Net ecosystem exchange of carbon (NEE = GPP − R eco ) was buffered by concomitant reductions in GPP and R eco during early drought.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…The B2WALD experiment demonstrates the importance of plant functional groups for understanding ecosystem responses to drought (fig. S7) (12,(29)(30). Different hydraulic strategies of distinct plant functional groups and Lines are based on locally estimated scatterplot smoothing.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The B2WALD experiment demonstrates the importance of plant functional groups for understanding ecosystem responses to drought (fig. S7) ( 12 , 29 – 30 ). Different hydraulic strategies of distinct plant functional groups and their changing proportional contributions determine the overall magnitude of reduction in ecosystem fluxes as drought progresses (Figs.…”

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Ecosystem fluxes during drought and recovery in an experimental forest

Werner

Meredith

Ladd

et al. 2021

Science

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An experimental forest ecosystem drought Drought is affecting many of the world’ s forested ecosystems, but it has proved challenging to develop an ecosystem-level mechanistic understanding of the ways that drought affects carbon and water fluxes through forest ecosystems. Werner et al . used an experimental approach by imposing an artificial drought on an entire enclosed ecosystem: the Biosphere 2 Tropical Rainforest in Arizona (see the Perspective by Eisenhauer and Weigelt). The authors show that ecosystem-scale plant responses to drought depend on distinct plant functional groups, differing in their water-use strategies and their position in the forest canopy. The balance of these plant functional groups drives changes in carbon and water fluxes, as well as the release of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere. —AMS

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confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

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Ecosystem fluxes during drought and recovery in an experimental forest

Werner

Meredith

Ladd

et al. 2021

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125

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“…The 30‐year mean annual temperature (1981–2010) in this region is 16.8 °C, with a mean annual precipitation of 515 mm (Haberstroh et al . 2021). Cork oak and gum rockrose grow at the study site with a density of 160 ± 18.6 (mean ± SE) trees·ha −1 and 11,000 shrubs·ha −1 (see Caldeira et al .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The classification of C. ladanifer as an invasive species is described in detail by Haberstroh et al . (2021).…”

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confidence: 99%

Soil VOC emissions of a Mediterranean woodland are sensitive to shrub invasion

et al. 2022

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Many belowground processes, such as soil respiration and soil-atmosphere VOC (volatile organic compounds) exchange, are closely linked to soil microbiological processes. However, little is known about how changes in plant species cover, i.e. after plant invasion, alter these soil processes. In particular, the response of soil VOC emissions to plant invasion is not well understood.• We analysed soil VOC emissions and soil respiration of a Mediterranean cork oak (Quercus suber) ecosystem, comparing soil VOC emissions from a non-invaded Q. suber woodland to one invaded by the shrub Cistus ladanifer. Soil VOC emissions were determined under controlled conditions using online proton-transfer time-offlight mass spectrometry. Net soil VOC emissions were measured by exposing soils with or without litter to different temperature and soil moisture conditions.• Soil VOC emissions were sensitive to C. ladanifer invasion. Highest net emission rates were determined for oxygenated VOC (acetaldehyde, acetone, methanol, acetic acid), and high temperatures enhanced total VOC emissions. Invasion affected the relative contribution of various VOC. Methanol and acetaldehyde were emitted exclusively from litter and were associated with the non-invaded sites. In contrast, acetone emissions increased in response to shrub presence. Interestingly, low soil moisture enhanced the effect of shrub invasion on VOC emissions.• Our results indicate that shrub invasion substantially influences important belowground processes in cork oak ecosystems, in particular soil VOC emissions. High soil moisture is suggested to diminish the invasion effect through a moisture-induced increase in microbial decomposition rates of soil VOC.

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Two common pitfalls in the analysis of water‐stable isotopologues with cryogenic vacuum extraction and cavity ring‐down spectroscopy

Haberstroh,

Kübert,

Werner

2024

Analytical Science Advances

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Water stable isotopologue analysis is widely used to disentangle ecohydrological processes. Yet, there are increasing reports of measurement uncertainties for established and emerging methods, such as cryogenic vacuum extraction (CVE) or cavity ring‐down spectroscopy (CRDS). With this study, we investigate two pitfalls, that potentially contribute to uncertainties in water‐stable isotopologue research. To investigate fractionation sources in CVE, we extracted pure water of known isotopic composition with cotton, glass wool or without cover and compared the isotopologue results with non‐extracted reference samples. To characterise the dependency of δ2H and δ18O on the water mixing ratio in CRDS, which is of high importance for in‐situ applications with large natural variations in mixing ratios, we chose samples with a large range of isotopic compositions and determined δ2H and δ18O for different water mixing ratios with two CRDS analysers (Picarro, Inc.). Cotton wool had a strong fractionation effect on δ2H values, which increased with more 2H‐enriched samples. δ2H and δ18O values showed a strong dependency on the water mixing ratio analysed with CRDS with differences of up to 34.5‰ (δ2H) and 3.9‰ (δ18O) for the same sample at different mixing ratios. CVE and CRDS, now routinely applied in water stable isotopologue research, come with pitfalls, namely fractionation effects of cover materials and water mixing ratio dependencies of δ2H and δ18O, which can lead to erroneous isotopologue results and thus, invalid conclusions about (ecohydrological) processes. These practical issues identified here should be reported and addressed adequately in water‐stable isotopologue research.

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Nonlinear plant–plant interactions modulate impact of extreme drought and recovery on a Mediterranean ecosystem

Cited by 20 publications

References 101 publications

Ecosystem fluxes during drought and recovery in an experimental forest

Ecosystem fluxes during drought and recovery in an experimental forest

Soil VOC emissions of a Mediterranean woodland are sensitive to shrub invasion

Two common pitfalls in the analysis of water‐stable isotopologues with cryogenic vacuum extraction and cavity ring‐down spectroscopy

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