Nonlinear ultrasonic evaluation of damaged concrete based on mixed harmonic generation

Aslam, Mohammed; Nagarajan, Praveen; Remanan, Mini

doi:10.1002/stc.3110

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Chen et al [11] proposed to use second harmonic generation to detect voids and cracks in concrete. Aslam et al [12] proposed to use nonlinear wave mixing to evaluate localized micro-damage in concrete. They investigated the second-and third-order combinational harmonic generation and showed that they can be used for detecting micro-damage in concrete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of heat damage evaluation using nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves

Ng,

Aseem

2024

Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2024

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Nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves have attracted increasing attention in non-destructive evaluation (NDE) due to their advantages over linear ultrasonic guided waves, e.g. potential to be a baseline-free technique for damage detection and higher sensitivity to incipient damage in structures. This study presents an experimental investigation of using nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves to evaluate damage when reinforced concrete beams are subjected to high temperatures. In this study, the reinforced concrete beam specimens are heated up to high temperatures in a furnace and it shows that the high temperatures induce debonding between rebar and concrete. Ultrasonic guided wave inspection is carried out at different high temperatures. When the ultrasonic guided wave interacts with the debonding between rebar and concrete, the second harmonic, which is one of the nonlinear features of ultrasonic guided waves, is generated due to contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN). In this study, a nonlinear parameter is defined to quantify the second harmonic generation due to different levels of debonding damage in the reinforced concrete beams at different temperatures. The relationship between the debonding damage caused by the high temperature and the characteristics of the nonlinear parameter is studied. The results show that the nonlinear parameter can provide an indication of the severity of the debonding damage, and can be used to monitor the growth of the debonding damage in the reinforced concrete beams at high temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of heat damage evaluation using nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves

Ng,

Aseem

2024

Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2024

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“…Nonlinear ultrasonic testing (NLUT) can improve the resolution to sub-wavelength 5 . One of the common NLUT methods is the second harmonic generation, which is based on the fact that propagating fundamental harmonic waves may form higher harmonics when interacting with heterogeneities [6][7][8] . This method's primary challenge is the harmonic amplitude's sensitivity to the experimental variables, including the coupling material and instrumentation (such as the arbitrary function generator and resonating receivers).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting 1-D phononic crystals to contact nonlinear ultrasonics for enhancing damage detection in concrete

Zhang

Ozevin

2023

Nondestructive Characterization and Monitoring of Advanced Materials, Aerospace, Civil Infrastructure, and Transportation XVII

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We demonstrate the enhancement of contact nonlinear ultrasonic testing by implementing the 1-D phononic crystal layers. Nonlinear ultrasonic testing (NLUT) can detect sub-wavelength defects in concrete using the second harmonic generation method (SHG). SHG method is based on the generation of the second harmonic signal in solids when the first harmonic wave interacts with defects. Due to the inherent heterogeneous characteristic of concrete, the typical ultrasonic frequency for NLUT in concrete is 50 - 100 kHz. Frequency higher than 100 kHz may introduce high nonlinearity due to the multiple scattering in concrete, which would mask defect-related nonlinearity to be detected by NLUT. A 1-D phononic crystal is placed between the sensor and concrete surface to enhance the signal quality to block the signal beyond 100 kHz exhibited from instrumentation and couplant. The 1-D phononic crystal structure consists of a periodical arrangement of composite layers that can tune the band gap 100 kHz-200 kHz. The binary composite system configuration using the mixture of steel and aluminum is numerically studied. The periodic array exhibiting a band gap near 100kHz-200kHz is selected for experimental validation. The sensitivity of NLUT is improved by detecting the sub-wavelength inclusion in concrete. The results demonstrated that the nonlinearity due to defects becomes more apparent by removing the instrumentation-induced nonlinearity in concrete.

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“…Additionally, researchers are exploring methods to enhance sensitivity by mitigating system nonlinearity [ 24 ], as well as investigating the effects of thermal aging on sensitivity [ 24 ]. However, it is important to note that these studies primarily focus on micro-damage assessment during the material’s initial manufacturing process and intrinsic properties [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Currently, there is a lack of experimental verification regarding material deformation under conditions such as tension or compression due to bending.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Nonlinearity Experiment due to Plastic Deformation of Aluminum Plate Due to Bending Damage

2023

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The nonlinear ultrasonic evaluation technique is useful for assessing micro-defects and microstructure changes caused by fatigue or bending damage. In particular, the guided wave is advantageous for long-distance testing such as piping and plate. Despite these advantages, the study of nonlinear guided wave propagation has received relatively less attention compared to bulk wave techniques. Furthermore, there is a lack of research on the correlation between nonlinear parameters and material properties. In this study, the relationship between nonlinear parameters and plastic deformation resulting from bending damage was experimentally investigated using Lamb waves. The findings indicated an increase in the nonlinear parameter for the specimen, which was loaded within the elastic limit. Inversely, regions of maximum deflection in specimens with plastic deformation exhibited a decrease in the nonlinear parameter. This research is expected to be helpful for maintenance technology in the nuclear power plant and aerospace fields that require high reliability and accuracy.

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Nonlinear ultrasonic evaluation of damaged concrete based on mixed harmonic generation

Cited by 15 publications

References 74 publications

Experimental study of heat damage evaluation using nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves

Experimental study of heat damage evaluation using nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves

Adapting 1-D phononic crystals to contact nonlinear ultrasonics for enhancing damage detection in concrete

Ultrasonic Nonlinearity Experiment due to Plastic Deformation of Aluminum Plate Due to Bending Damage

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