Nonmedical prescription sedative/tranquilizer use in alcohol and opioid use disorders

Votaw, Victoria R.; Witkiewitz, Katie; Valeri, Linda; Bogunovic, Olivera; McHugh, R. Kathryn

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.08.010

Cited by 38 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Use.-People with SUDs, particularly OUD, have much higher rates of benzodiazepine misuse than the general population. Analyses of 2008-2014 NSDUH data found that adults with OUD had a rate of combined sedative/tranquilizer misuse that was approximately 20 times greater than the U.S. general population, with 43% reporting pastyear sedative/tranquilizer misuse (Votaw et al, 2019). Benzodiazepine misuse is often even more prevalent among people in treatment for OUD; past-month estimates range from 7-73%, with a majority (67%) of studies reviewed reporting rates greater than 40% (Apantaku-Olajide et al, 2012;Bleich et al, 2002;Darke et al, 1993Darke et al, , 1994bEiroa-Orosa et al, 2010;Franklyn et al, 2017;Gelkopf et al, 1999;Ghitza et al, 2008;Gilchrist et al, 2006;McHugh et al, 2017;Metzger et al, 1991;Millson et al, 2006;Moitra et al, 2013;Naji et al, 2016;Peles et al, 2009Peles et al, , 2010Stein et al, 2017b;Stein et al, 2016;Vogel et al, 2013;Wu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of benzodiazepine misuse has been understudied among individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), despite evidence that alcohol use and AUD increase risk of benzodiazepine misuse (Becker et al, 2007;Goodwin and Hasin, 2002;Huang et al, 2006;McCabe et al, 2006a), and that alcohol contributes to benzodiazepine-related overdoses (Jones et al, 2014). An analysis of 2008-2014 NSDUH data found that approximately 7.6% of those with AUD, including those with DSM-IV alcohol abuse or dependence, reported past-year sedative/tranquilizer misuse, a rate 3-4 times greater than among the U.S. general population (Votaw et al, 2019). Rates of misuse might be higher among those with greater AUD severity, as evidenced by an analysis of NSDUH data wherein approximately 12% of those with DSM-IV alcohol dependence reported past-year sedative/tranquilizer misuse (Hedden et al, 2010).…”

Section: Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is consistent with data that other substance use is consistently associated with benzodiazepine misuse in numerous populations, and that benzodiazepine misuse is associated with greater substance use severity cross-sectionally and prospectively (see Supplementary Materials). In fact, benzodiazepine misuse increases with the overall level of polysubstance use (McHugh et al, 2018;Schuman-Olivier et al, 2013;Votaw et al, 2019). Benzodiazepine misuse is strongly associated with risk for other prescription drug misuse and use disorders, particularly prescription opioid misuse and OUD (Blanco et al, 2018;Boggis et al, 2019;Han et al, 2017;Han et al, 2015;Huang et al, 2006;Jones and McCance-Katz, 2019;Jones, 2017;Maust et al, 2018).…”

Section: Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The epidemiology of benzodiazepine misuse: A systematic review

Votaw

Geyer

Rieselbach

et al. 2019

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Self Cite

303

214

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Background: Benzodiazepine misuse is a growing public health problem, with increases in benzodiazepine-related overdose deaths and emergency room visits in recent years. However, relatively little attention has been paid to this emergent problem. We systematically reviewed epidemiological studies on benzodiazepine misuse to identify key findings, limitations, and future directions for research. Methods: PubMed and PsychINFO databases were searched through February 2019 for peerreviewed publications on benzodiazepine misuse (e.g., use without a prescription; at a higher frequency or dose than prescribed). Eligibility criteria included human studies that focused on the prevalence, trends, correlates, motives, patterns, sources, and consequences of benzodiazepine misuse. Results: The search identified 1,970 publications, and 351 articles were eligible for data extraction and inclusion. In 2017, benzodiazepines and other tranquilizers were the third most commonly used illicit or prescription drug in the U.S. (approximately 2.2% of the population). Worldwide rates of misuse appear to be similar to those reported in the U.S. Factors associated with misuse include other substance use, receipt of a benzodiazepine prescription, and psychiatric symptoms and disorders. Benzodiazepine misuse encompasses heterogeneous presentations of motives, patterns, and sources. Moreover, misuse is associated with myriad poor outcomes, including mortality, HIV/HCV risk behaviors, poor self-reported quality of life, criminality, and continued substance use during treatment.

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Section: Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The epidemiology of benzodiazepine misuse: A systematic review

Votaw

Geyer

Rieselbach

et al. 2019

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Self Cite

303

214

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Comorbidity is particularly concerning and important to target given that alcohol is commonly taken along with opioids and other substances among individuals experiencing chronic pain (Landsman‐Blumberg et al, ; Larance et al, ; Novak et al, ; Vowles et al, ). Combined use of alcohol, opioids, and sedatives is particularly worrisome (Kelley et al, ; McCabe et al, ; Schepis et al, ; Votaw et al, ) given the increased risk for overdose from using these drugs in combination (Gudin et al, ; Jones et al, ).…”

Section: Treatment Implications and Treatments Targeting Comorbid Chrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol and Pain: A Translational Review of Preclinical and Clinical Findings to Inform Future Treatment Strategies

Edwards

Vendruscolo

Gilpin

et al. 2020

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and chronic pain are enduring and devastating conditions that share an intersecting epidemiology and neurobiology. Chronic alcohol use itself can produce a characteristic painful neuropathy, while the regular analgesic use of alcohol in the context of nociceptive sensitization and heightened affective pain sensitivity may promote negative reinforcement mechanisms that underlie AUD maintenance and progression. The goal of this review was to provide a broad translational framework that communicates research findings spanning preclinical and clinical studies, including a review of genetic, molecular, behavioral, and social mechanisms that facilitate interactions between persistent pain and alcohol use. We also consider recent evidence that will shape future investigations into novel treatment mechanisms for pain in individuals suffering from AUD.

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“…Studies on predictors of self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills are rare and commonly associated with the investigation of alcohol and opioid abuse (11)(12)(13). It was shown that self-medication of anxiety disorders was associated with lower mental health-related quality of life and a higher use of health services (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Predictors of Self-Medication with Tranquillizers and Sleeping Pills: Results of the Population-Based Study in Serbia

Tripković

Milićević

Odalović

2019

Slovenian Journal of Public Health

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Background Previous studies among the Serbian population concluded that the trend of self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills requires deeper study. The objective is to identify gender differences in socio-demographic, health, and health service predictors of self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills in a Serbian population of 15 years old and above. Methods This was a population-based, cross-sectional study. Data was extracted from the most recently available results of the Serbian National Health Survey of 2013. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine independent self-medication predictors. Results The study included 14,623 participants, of which 51.77% were female. While 5.6% of the females reported self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills, only 2.2% of males reported such practice (p<0.001). The presence of chronic disease, stress, and physical pain in the last month before the interview was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of self-medication with observed drugs in both genders. Age was the most significant socio-demographic predictor of self-medication in females, while in males it was unemployment. Women of 55–65 years of age showed a greater risk from self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills in comparison to women of 15–24 years of age (aOR=4.75, 95% CI: 1.83–12.33). Unemployed males showed a greater tendency for such practice in comparison to employed (aOR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.19–2.91). Conclusion The findings highlighted predictors of self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills and important differences between genders, which may contribute to the design of gender-sensitive surveillance, identification, and the prevention of such undesirable practices through evidence-based and appropriately tailored public health actions.

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Nonmedical prescription sedative/tranquilizer use in alcohol and opioid use disorders

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

The epidemiology of benzodiazepine misuse: A systematic review

The epidemiology of benzodiazepine misuse: A systematic review

Alcohol and Pain: A Translational Review of Preclinical and Clinical Findings to Inform Future Treatment Strategies

Gender Differences in Predictors of Self-Medication with Tranquillizers and Sleeping Pills: Results of the Population-Based Study in Serbia

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