Nonmetallic inclusions and austenite grains of steel containing tellurium

Popova, I. V.; Nasibov, A. G.; Gulei, G. G.; Sveshnikova, G. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00735548

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the iron and steel metallurgical industry, Te is usually utilized as an added element in steels to refine the grains, regulate the morphology and occurrence state of sulfides in steels, and improve the mechanical properties of steels. [14,15] Te is widely used to increase the machinability of steels. Therefore, Te-bearing steel is typically used to manufacture parts with high precision, high surface quality, and rapid cutting.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Tellurium Treatment for the Modification of Sulfide Inclusions and Corresponding Industrial Applications in Special Steels: A Review

Tian

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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In 1782, Franz-Joseph Müller von Richenstein, a chemist, discovered a rare element with properties similar to those of selenium (Se). In 1798, Martin H. Klaproth, a German chemist, rediscovered this semi-metallic substance and named it tellurium (Te). [1] Te is mainly concentrated in scattered telluride minerals, sulfide mineral structure of most gold deposits, and bismuth tailings. However, in nature, Te appears in quantities that are considered negligible [2] and is mainly extracted from the ore. Generally, concentrations of 1% to 4% Te can be recovered from the anode slime of an electrolytic copper (Cu) refinery. [3] It has been reported that seafloor ferromanganese nodules are rich in Te; however, the recovery of seafloor minerals is still in its infancy. [3] In organic chemistry, Te can also be produced by the reaction of organic matter with metal compounds of Te. [4] Te plays an important role in chemicals, electronics, inorganic nonmetallic materials, metallurgy, and other industries. [5][6][7][8] Tellurides are considered excellent materials for thermoelectric technologies. [9][10][11][12][13] Te is also widely used nonferrous metallurgy and iron and steel metallurgy. Te can significantly improve the properties of Cu-, tin (Sn)-, and lead (Pb)-based alloys, steels, and cast irons. In the iron and steel metallurgical industry, Te is usually utilized as an added element in steels to refine the grains, regulate the morphology and occurrence state of sulfides in steels, and improve the mechanical properties of steels. [14,15] Te is widely used to increase the machinability of steels. Therefore, Te-bearing steel is typically used to manufacture parts with high precision, high surface quality, and rapid cutting. The forms of Te in different type of steel vary. In addition to the usual states of Fe 1.2 Te and MnTe, [16,17] PbTe [18] is formed in Pb-alloyed steels; Cr 2 Te 3 , [19,20] stainless steels; and CuTe, Cu-alloyed steels. [21] In addition, composite particles formed by telluride and sulfide have been reported in Te-treated sulfur (S)-bearing steel. [22][23][24] In recent years, Te has been added to S-bearing steels, such as free-cutting steel and medium-carbon microalloyed steel, also called nonquenched and tempered steel (NQTS) in China, to reduce the aspect ratio of sulfide and the anisotropy of steel. [23,24]

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tellurium Treatment for the Modification of Sulfide Inclusions and Corresponding Industrial Applications in Special Steels: A Review

Tian

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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“…In some resulfurized steels, Te has been used as an additive to improve the machinability of steel [1][2][3]. A small amount of Te can significantly reduce the aspect ratio of MnS inclusion, leading to the globularization of MnS inclusion, which remarkably improves the machinability of the steel, and prevents the anisotropy of the steel property [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Tellurium on the Formation of MnTe-MnS Composite Inclusions in Non-Quenched and Tempered Steel

Shen

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Metals

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Te is a seldom-used alloying element, which is mainly used in free-machining steel. The Te content in this kind of steel is relatively low, and only a small amount of MnTe is generated. In previous studies, the effect of Te on the formation of inclusions was not fully studied. In order to clarify the mechanism, different amounts of tellurium were added into 38MnVS6 steel to form a certain amount of MnTe. The MnTe wrapped the MnS, forming a composite inclusion. With the increase of Te content in the steel, the diameter of inclusion increased, while the aspect ratio of inclusion varied little. The aspect ratio of most inclusions was in the range of 1~3. Besides, the MnS in the MnTe-MnS composite inclusions gradually changed from one big particle to several small particles. The solidification of the steel, as well as the precipitation of MnS and MnTe, was the main factor that affecting the formation of the composite inclusion. The mechanism of the process was systematically expressed in the current study.

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Tellurium Doping in MnS Inclusions and Corresponding Modification Effect: Experimental and First-Principles Study

Xu,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2023

Metall Mater Trans A

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Nonmetallic inclusions and austenite grains of steel containing tellurium

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Tellurium Treatment for the Modification of Sulfide Inclusions and Corresponding Industrial Applications in Special Steels: A Review

Tellurium Treatment for the Modification of Sulfide Inclusions and Corresponding Industrial Applications in Special Steels: A Review

The Effect of Tellurium on the Formation of MnTe-MnS Composite Inclusions in Non-Quenched and Tempered Steel

Tellurium Doping in MnS Inclusions and Corresponding Modification Effect: Experimental and First-Principles Study

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