Nonnutritive Sweeteners: Current Use and  Health Perspectives

Gardner, Christopher D.; Wylie‐Rosett, Judith; Gidding, Samuel S.; Steffen, Lyn M.; Johnson, Rachel K.; Reader, Diane; Lichtenstein, Alice H.

doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31825c42ee

Cited by 192 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The author found that 32% of the original energy deficit was not compensated for during the 24 h after the intake of foods with aspartame, resulting in a reduction in calories. [3] Similar results were observed in: A clinical trial conducted by Raben in 2002, which compared the consumption of energy after the intake of sucrose-containing foods with subjects who ingested food containing non-nutritive sweeteners. After 10 weeks of follow-up, there was a significant increase in body weight, fat mass, blood pressure and caloric intake in the subjects consuming sucrose-containing food compared with patients who consumed foods containing non-nutritive sweeteners.…”

Section: Sweeteners and Energy Ingestionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Review of Recommendations for the Use of Caloric Sweeteners by Adults and Children

Garay¹,

Romo-Romo²,

Serralde‐Zúñiga³

2018

JFNR

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Sweeteners are natural or artificial substances that give food or a product a sweet flavour, and are divide by their nutritional value to caloric and non-caloric. Although they have been reported as safe, this review analyses the findings of various studies to obtain recommendations for their use based on their effect on energy consumption, weight, glucose and blood lipids. In addition to the compensation in energy intake, effects on appetite, hydration, preference for sweet flavours and cardiovascular function were reviewed. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and WHO ICTRP Search Portal without language restrictions. We included systematic reviews, controlled trials and observational studies comparing the administration of caloric and non-caloric sweeteners in adults and children. Two authors used AMSTAR tool, Risk of bias tool of the Cochrane Collaboration or ROBINS-I instrument for screening the studies according to their methodological quality and were included those have a low risk of bias. A reduction in blood glucose was more effective when sweetening foods with fructose compared with the use of sucrose in non-diabetic patients (-4.81 mmol/L; 95% CI -6.34 to -3.29, p<0.05). The reduction in body mass index was greater with the use of non-caloric sweeteners compared with sucrose in patients regardless of their weight (-0.3 to -0.9 kg/m 2 , 95% CI -1.5 to 5). Although there is interest in identifying the efficacy of non-caloric sweeteners in preventing obesity and its complications, there is not sufficient evidence because of significant heterogeneity between the different studies and the lack of evidence in children. Thus, designing studies that will provide more evidence in this regard is necessary.

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Section: Sweeteners and Energy Ingestionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Review of Recommendations for the Use of Caloric Sweeteners by Adults and Children

Garay¹,

Romo-Romo²,

Serralde‐Zúñiga³

2018

JFNR

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“…The American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the American Heart Association (AHA) suggest that NNS can be useful in a structured diet to replace sources of added sugars, thereby promoting both energy and carbohydrate intake reduction 1 . The consumption of foods and beverages containing NNS should not encourage a compensatory increase of energy intake from other sources or affect diet quality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By definition, non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS), otherwise known as very low-calorie sweeteners, artificial sweeteners, non-caloric sweeteners, or intense sweeteners, are substances with a higher intensity of sweetness per gram than caloric sweeteners such as sucrose, corn syrup, and fruit juice concentrate, used in small quantities providing no or few calories 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Nutritive Sweeteners: Evidence on their Association with Metabolic Diseases and Potential Effects on Glucose Metabolism and Appetite

Romo-Romo

Aguilar-Salinas

Gómez-Díaz

et al. 2017

RIC

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There is ongoing debate concerning non-nutritive sweeteners, their usage, and their effects on metabolism. The association between non-nutritive sweeteners consumption, development of metabolic diseases, and changes in appetite-regulating hormones is not clear. The aim of this article is to present an overview of non-nutritive sweeteners and to examine the scientific evidence of their effects on glucose metabolism and appetite-regulating hormones. Some observational studies suggest an association between non-nutritive sweeteners consumption and development of metabolic diseases; however, adiposity is a confounder frequently found in these studies. Results of the available clinical trials are heterogeneous and not comparable because of major differences between them. Future controlled studies evaluating specific non-nutritive sweeteners, with an appropriate sample size, including a uniform study group, with sufficient exposure time, and considering adjustment for confounder variables, such as anthropometric characteristics, previous consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners, and coexistence of significant metabolic comorbidities, are needed. (REV INVES CLIN. 2017;69:129-38)

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“…In order to be able to determine whether or not a sample contains sweeteners and authenticate the presence and concentrations of these analytes in various foods, simple to extensive sample cleanup is necessary. Sweeteners are widely used in drinks, candies and yogurts, which are commonly consumed products [24]. Foods are complex matrices due to the considerable diff erences in their composition, ff ff which includes the presence of macromolecules, color additives and preservatives.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Analytical Methods for the Analysis of Sweeteners in Food: A Regulatory Perspective

Shah

Jager

2016

Food Safety

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Nonnutritive Sweeteners: Current Use and Health Perspectives

Cited by 192 publications

References 51 publications

Review of Recommendations for the Use of Caloric Sweeteners by Adults and Children

Review of Recommendations for the Use of Caloric Sweeteners by Adults and Children

Non-Nutritive Sweeteners: Evidence on their Association with Metabolic Diseases and Potential Effects on Glucose Metabolism and Appetite

Recent Analytical Methods for the Analysis of Sweeteners in Food: A Regulatory Perspective

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