Nonoccupational Risk Indicators for Astrocytomas in Adults

Ahlbom, Anders; Navier, Inger Lindberg; Norell, Staffan E.; Olin, R; Spännare, Bo

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114393

Cited by 70 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] However, these were case-control studies, which are susceptible to selection and recall bias. In the only other prospective study to date, Efird et al 22 analyzed data from a prospective cohort in California (130 incident cases) and, similar to our findings, they observed a 40% increase in risk for ever versus never smokers (95% CI 5 1.0-2.1) and a 2-fold increase in risk of glioma among study participants who reported smoking greater than 2 packs per day compared with never smokers; the association between smoking and risk did not differ by type of cigarette (e.g., filtered versus unfiltered, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 The epidemiologic literature regarding cigarette smoking and brain cancer risk is based primarily on case-control studies, all of which have found no association with ever smoking. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] A recent cohort study by Efird et al, 22 however, observed an increased risk of glioma in those who reported smoking greater than 2 packs of cigarettes per day. Given the limited data from prospective studies, we examined the association between smoking history and glioma risk in a cohort of Canadian women.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cigarette smoking and risk of glioma: A prospective cohort study

Silvera¹,

Miller²,

Rohan³

2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The etiology of glioma, the most commonly diagnosed malignant brain tumor among adults in the United States, is poorly understood. N-nitroso compounds are known carcinogens, which are found in cigarette smoke and can induce gliomas in rats. On this basis, it has been hypothesized that cigarette smoking may be associated with an increased risk of glioma. We investigated the association between cigarette smoking and glioma risk in the National Breast Screening Study, which included 89,835 Canadian women aged 40-59 years at recruitment between 1980 and 1985. Linkages to national cancer and mortality databases yielded data on cancer incidence and deaths from all causes, respectively, with follow-up ending between 1998 and 2000. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between cigarette smoking and risk of glioma. During a mean of 16.4 years of follow-up, we observed 120 incident glioma cases. Among ever smokers, women who reported having quit smoking had a 51% increase in risk of glioma compared with never smokers (HR 5 1.51, 95% CI 5 0.97-2.34), while current smokers did not appear to have an increase in risk. When the association with former smokers was further examined by years since quitting, women who had quit smoking >10 years before baseline were at a decreased risk of glioma compared with women who had quit within the 10 years prior to baseline (HR 5 0.55, 95% CI 5 0.29-1.07), indicating that the association between former smokers and glioma may be driven by women, who recently quit smoking. Compared with nonsmokers, duration of cigarette smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day and pack-years of smoking were associated with increased glioma risk, although the increases in risk were relatively modest. The present study provides some support for a positive association between cigarette smoking and risk of glioma. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: brain neoplasms; glioma; cohort; smoking Gliomas, which arise from neuroepithelial cells, are one of the 2 main histopathological types of brain tumor. 1 The etiology of glioma, the most commonly diagnosed malignant brain tumor among adults in the United States, 1,2 is not well understood. Indeed, there are few well-established risk factors for glioma beyond ionizing radiation, 1,3 male gender, 1 and possibly reproductive and menstrual factors. 4 In addition, it has been hypothesized that cigarette smoking may be involved in the etiology of glioma, 5 based on evidence that N-nitroso compounds, such as those found in cigarette smoke, have been shown to induce glioma in rats when administered intravenously. 6,7 The epidemiologic literature regarding cigarette smoking and brain cancer risk is based primarily on case-control studies, all of which have found no association with ever smoking. 8-21 A recent cohort study by Efird et al., 22 however, observed an increased risk of glioma in those who reported smoking greater than 2 packs of cigarettes per day. Given the limited data from...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Cigarette smoking and risk of glioma: A prospective cohort study

Silvera¹,

Miller²,

Rohan³

2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…In a study by Severson et al (25), the risk of childhood acute myeloid leukemia among children who were diagnosed at two years of age or younger was signi cantly associated with mothers' alcohol use during their pregnancies (25), while in another study, no association was found between reported fathers' consumption of alcohol and childhood cancer (26). Although epidemiologic studies have not found an increased risk of brain cancer in adults related to alcohol consumption (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), with the exception of one which found an increased risk with consumption of wine (30) and our previous report of increased risk among males for hard liquor consumption (14), our present ndings suggest that fathers' consumption of hard liquor may play an important role in the development of brain cancer in their offspring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Cigarette Smoking, Hard Liquor Consumption and the Risk of Childhood Brain Tumors-A Case Study in Northeast China

2000

Acta Oncologica

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“…These chemicals, used in farming , can po ssibly also be an en vironmental risk facto r for person s other than farm ers. Living in th e vicinity of a farm has been found to be associated with an increased risk for astrocytomas (24), and a higher than expected mortality has been reported for rural farm residents in the state of Minnesota in the United States (25). An int eresting association ha s been report ed between exposure to N-nitroso compounds and brain tumors both in animal experiments (26) and in an epidemiologic study of children (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%