Nonphotochemical decomposition of fluorene vapor-adsorbed on coal fly ash

Korfmacher, Walter A.; Mamantov, G.; Wehry, Ε. L.; Natusch, D. F. S.; Mauney, T.H.

doi:10.1021/es00093a011

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This is particularly true of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [11–13]. The stability of PAHs adsorbed to fly ash was the focus of earlier studies in which several PAHs were protected from photo‐oxidation [14,15], whereas other PAHs were rapidly oxidized [15,16], when associated with fly ash. Other organic contaminants, including biphenyl, carbon tetrachloride, chlorinated ethenes, chlorinated benzenes, a chlorinated phenol, hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), also were found to adsorb to the surface of fly ash [17–19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of planar and nonplanar organic contaminants with coal fly ash: Effects of polar and nonpolar solvent solutions

Burgess

Ryba

Cantwell

et al. 2006

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Coal fly ash has a very high sorption capacity for a variety of anthropogenic contaminants and has been used to cleanse wastewater of pollutants for approximately 40 years. Like other black carbons, the planar structure of the residual carbon in fly ash results in elevated affinities for planar organic contaminants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and some polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The present study was performed to understand better the mechanisms affecting the strong interaction between planar contaminants and coal fly ash. The removal of 10 PCBs and 10 PAHs by several fly ashes and other sorbents was evaluated under different experimental conditions to highlight the intermolecular forces influencing adsorption. Varying fly ash concentration and solvent system composition indicated that dispersive interactions were most prevalent. For the PCBs, empirical results also were compared to molecular modeling estimates of the energy necessary for the PCB molecule to assume a planar conformation (PCe). The PCe levels ranged from 8 to 25 kcal/mol, depending on the degree of ortho-substituted chlorination of the PCB. A significant correlation between PCe and PCB removal from solution was observed for the fly ashes and activated carbon, whereas the nonplanar sorbent octadecyl (C18) indicated no relationship. These findings demonstrate the strong interaction between black carbon fly ash and planar organic contaminants. Furthermore, as exemplified by the PCBs, these results show how this interaction is a function of a contaminant's ability to assume a planar conformation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of planar and nonplanar organic contaminants with coal fly ash: Effects of polar and nonpolar solvent solutions

Burgess

Ryba

Cantwell

et al. 2006

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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show abstract

“…There is reason to suspect that this may affect the relative proportions of organic compounds. Organic compounds emitted from combustion sources can undergo reactions as they are adsorbed on the surfaces of particles 42 or be irreversibly adsorbed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Profiles of Organic Particulate Emissions from Air Pollution Sources: Status and Needs for Receptor Source Apportionment Modeling

Daisey

Cheney

Lioy

1986

Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association

138

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“…18, No. 5,1984 extraction efficiency for different particles variously located in the secondary ion extraction field. For comparison of the same element in leached vs. unleached particle fields, the raw secondary ion intensities were normalized to the Fe secondary ion intensity at about 1000-A sputter depth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlative surface analysis studies of environmental particles

Farmer¹,

Linton²

1984

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Various surface analysis techniques [scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (SEM EDX), electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis were evaluated in a correlative regimen for the chemical characterization of particulate pollutants. Analytical capabilities were demonstrated by using particles derived from steel blast furnaces. The ESCA studies of "bottom ashes" suggest highly water-soluble species enriched in sulfates on particles consisting primarily of iron oxides. Comparisons of SEM/EDX and SIMS data for selected metals (e.g., Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Pb, and Zn) in unleached and water-leached particles were used to estimate the extent of enrichment and aqueous solubility of surface species. Accessibility to the environment (via washout, rainout, groundwater leaching, lung fluids, etc.) is governed by both metal surface accessibility (extent of surface enrichment) and metal surface solubility (surface speciation). The unique combination of direct surface analysis and time-resolved solvent leaching experiments enables the relative importance of the two factors to be estimated for individual elements of environmental interest.

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Nonphotochemical decomposition of fluorene vapor-adsorbed on coal fly ash

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Interaction of planar and nonplanar organic contaminants with coal fly ash: Effects of polar and nonpolar solvent solutions

Interaction of planar and nonplanar organic contaminants with coal fly ash: Effects of polar and nonpolar solvent solutions

Profiles of Organic Particulate Emissions from Air Pollution Sources: Status and Needs for Receptor Source Apportionment Modeling

Correlative surface analysis studies of environmental particles

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