Nonprofit and for‐profit developers of subsidized rental housing: Comparative attributes and collaborative opportunities

Bratt, Rachel G.

doi:10.1080/10511482.2008.9521638

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…They consist of residents (owners as well as renters), absentee landlords, small businesses, and larger commercial outlets. Consequently, on any issue it is unlikely that these groups can find common ground and be represented by a CDC (Bratt, 2008). The same applies to (potential) entrepreneurs within CDCs, who may vary as well.…”

Section: Community Participationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the one hand, advocates believe that CDCs can promote community revitalization through new housing or rehabilitation combined with public infrastructure improvements-especially if these physical improvements are supplemented with social services (i.e. 'housing plus programs', see Bratt, 2008). On the other hand CDC critics assert (1) that CDCs are almost unnecessary-that "the private sector could and would pick up the slack if CDCs faded into oblivion" (Scally, 2012(Scally, /2013see also DeFilippis, 2004;Fraser et al, 2003;Husock, 2003;Rusk, 1999), (2) that CDC efforts are so small and marginal that they are unable to counteract the effects of concentrated poverty (Newman and Schnare, 1992), the interrelated processes of racial and economic decline, wasteful suburbanization (Briggs, 2014), gentrification (Fainstein, 2010) and globalization (the loss of inner city-jobs to the suburbs and beyond overseas, DeFilippis, 2010), (3) that CDC programs could lead residents to define themselves as 'welfare dependent' thereby undermining their sense of self-worth and cause them to see deficiencies in themselves, their neighbours, and their communities (Bratt, 2008 based on Kretzmann andMcKnight, 1993), and (4) that householders in CDC neighbourhoods who achieve mobility are likely to move out.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The potential of community entrepreneurship for neighbourhood revitalization in the United Kingdom and the United States

Varady¹,

Kleinhans²,

Ham³

2017

Entrepreneurial Neighbourhoods

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Purpose -The global economic crisis has had a major impact on government spending for urban regeneration. In the context of these austerity regimes, in many European countries, community entrepreneurship and active citizenship are increasingly considered as a means to continue small-scale urban revitalisation. This paper investigates recent literature on both British community enterprises (CEs) and American community development corporations (CDCs). The aim is to assess the current potential of community entrepreneurship in neighbourhood revitalization in the United States and the United Kingdom. Design/methodology/approach -Starting from a seminal article, this paper reviews literature focusing on the role of CEs and CDCs in neighbourhood revitalization. Differences and similarities are analysed, taking into account national context differences. Findings -While CDCs have a relatively successful record in affordable housing production in distressed areas, CDCs are fundamentally limited in terms of reversing processes of community decline. CEs in the UK have focused on non-housing issues. Research limitations/implications -This paper asks the question what CEs can learn fromCDCs in terms of scope, aims, strategies, accountability, assets and partnerships with public and private actors. However, a systematic literature review has not been conducted. Originality/value -Our comparison reveals similarities but also differences with regard to aims, organizational characteristics, co-operation on multiple scales, and community participation. Apart from lessons that can be learned, we provide recommendations for further research that should cover the lack of empirical evidence in this field.

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Section: Community Participationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of community entrepreneurship for neighbourhood revitalization in the United Kingdom and the United States

Varady¹,

Kleinhans²,

Ham³

2017

Entrepreneurial Neighbourhoods

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“…This theory posits that organizations in the third and for-profit sectors are fundamentally dissimilar because of the non-distribution constraint, whereby third sector organizations are prevented by-law from distributing surplus to owners. Further, this constraint is at the root of many differences hypothesized to exist between the two categories of organizations (Steinberg 1998; see also Bratt 2008). For example, and most fundamentally, third sector organizations are understood to focus on a social mission, whereas for-profits focus on profit maximization.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the small amount of literature on social capital concludes that the cooperative model generates a greater amount than other organizational forms, including housing owned by CDCs. Other differences postulated to occur based on the non-distribution constraint are not explored in detail or at all in this comparative literature, although several authors do consider that differences exist between third sector organizations and for-profits with respect to the harnessing of resources and the expertise of those involved in housing projects (Achtenberg 2006;Bratt 2008;Peters 2004;Wiener 2006). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Organizational Form in the Affordable Rental Housing Sector

2015

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The nature and benefits of different kinds of affordable rental housing providers, and particularly for-profit housing developers, have been contested by practitioners and scholars. We contribute to this debate by exploring whether the missions, the resources harnessed to build housing, the human resources, and the involvement of residents in decision-making differ based on organizational form. Using case study design, we examine two third sector organizations (a zero equity cooperative and a community-based non-profit) and a for-profit located in Canada. The two third sector organizations had less knowledge of housing construction and harnessed in-kind contributions compared to the for-profit. These organizations, and again in contrast with the for-profit, also pursued social missions, including supporting other organizations and sharing their experiences related to housing construction. The zero equity cooperative featured greater resident involvement in the development and the management of the housing compared to both the communitybased non-profit and the for-profit.Résumé La nature et les avantages des différents types de fournisseurs de logements locatifs abordables, et en particulier des promoteurs d'organisations à but lucratif, ont été contestés par les professionnels et les chercheurs. Nous contribuons à ce débat en étudiant si les missions, les ressources exploitées pour construire des logements, les ressources humaines et l'implication des habitants dans la prise de & Catherine Leviten-Reid

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“…The non-profit showed a better understanding of the target occupiers, thus housing provided by them is more efficient and directly meet the market needs; while, the forprofits responded more quickly and financially efficiently, as they have a better understanding in property development under market situation and hold stronger financial capacity (Berry etc. 2006, Bratt 2008, Iglesias 2009). …”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is affordable housing in China? Evidence from Nanjing, China

You

Wu²,

Han³

2011

18th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference

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Affordable housing has been built in many countries all over the world. Yet the term 'affordable housing' is interpreted and defined very differently despite a shared focus on housing the less well-off population group. In China, 'affordable housing' was firstly introduced by the central government in 1991, and it quickly received enormous attention in both policy and practice in the past three decades. Although it is regarded as a direct approach of government intervention to assist lower income family housing needs, its official definition changed together with its development scales. Moreover, developers as well as local government officials have used their own definitions of 'affordable housing' in housing policies and projects at local level.Thus, affordable housing in China connotes a wide range of meanings even though there is a definition from the central government.This paper examines the interpretation of affordable housing in China's practical world, by using Nanjing as a case study. Data is collected from statistical yearbooks, government policy documents, as well as semi-structured interviews. These interviews involved property developers, municipal government officials and district government officials, and were conducted during the period 12. 2009 -12. 2010. The study found that in addition to provide living spaces for low-and middle-income groups, which is a main policy goal shared among the countries, the Chinese government had a different expectation from 'affordable housing'. China's central government wants to use affordable housing as one of the means to establish a Chinese housing system, to stimulate the growth of the related industries, and to promote economic growth of the whole country. Local governments have their own ways of interpreting the term 'affordable housing', characterized by a deviation from the official policy statements but embedded in local politics and economy. The developers' interpretation is still different, reflecting the profit seeking behaviour in a transitional economy. Understanding of these key interpretations is critical for affordable housing to benefit its target population.

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Nonprofit and for‐profit developers of subsidized rental housing: Comparative attributes and collaborative opportunities

Cited by 37 publications

References 10 publications

The potential of community entrepreneurship for neighbourhood revitalization in the United Kingdom and the United States

The potential of community entrepreneurship for neighbourhood revitalization in the United Kingdom and the United States

Exploring Organizational Form in the Affordable Rental Housing Sector

What is affordable housing in China? Evidence from Nanjing, China

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