Nonreciprocal Phase Gradient Metasurface: Principle and Transistor Implementation

Lavigne, Guillaume; Caloz, Christophe

doi:10.1109/metamaterials.2019.8900893

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…We have provided a brief comparison among the abovementioned different types of directional metasurfaces, as listed in table 1. Due to the restriction on paper length and our limited knowledge, we were not able to include all the branches of directional metasurfaces, such as the directional metamaterials with non-reciprocal and nonlinear properties [164,[182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191], directional metasurface for surface wave or guided wave [192,193], and even acoustic metasurfaces [194,195]. Finally, we would like to mention several promising research directions in this field that may be foreseeable in the future, based on our perspectives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it still remains challenging to achieve dynamic control of the metaatoms pixel by pixel especially for a large-scale metasurface. On the other hand, the meta-structures can integrate active components like chip amplifier and leverage the inherent unidirectionality of transistors for breaking time-reversal symmetry, allowing the one-way transmission of co-polarized wave [182,203]. It remains challenging to combine phase gradient or even tunable phase responses with non-reciprocal structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A review of recent progress on directional metasurfaces: concept, design, and application

Chen¹,

Feng²

2022

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Metasurfaces have provided a new paradigm to control electromagnetic waves by manipulating the spatially varying distribution of subwavelength artificial structures across the interface. Directional metasurfaces, a kind of metasurface with direction-dependent properties, possess different wave functionalities upon the incidence wave coming from opposite directions. The diversified wave-manipulation capabilities of directional metasurfaces show advantages of compactness, flatness, scalability, direction dependence, etc., exhibiting promising potentials for a plethora of applications. Here, we present a review on the recent progress on directional metasurfaces, including the concept origin, the practical realization of meta-structures, the design method for direction-dependent wavefront tailoring, and the application aspects of directional metasurfaces. In the conclusion, we present possible further research directions in this field based on our own perspectives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of recent progress on directional metasurfaces: concept, design, and application

Chen¹,

Feng²

2022

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…The switches used therein rely on RF micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) [43], which are low-cost and energy-efficient components suitable for practical communication systems. For practical implementation of the NDRIS structure, one can follow [44], where the authors proposed a transistorbased implementation of nonreciprocal non-gyrotropic phase gradient metasurface.…”

Section: A Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Transceiver and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Design for Multiuser mmWave MIMO Systems Relying on Non-Diagonal Phase Shift Matrices

Singh,

Srivastava,

Jagannatham

et al. 2023

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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The downlink (DL) of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided multi-user (MU) millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system relying on a non-diagonal RIS (NDRIS) phase shift matrix is considered. A max-min fairness (MMF) problem is formulated under the total transmit power constraint while employing joint active hybrid beamforming (HBF) both at the base station (BS) as well as at each user equipment (UE), and passive beamforming at the NDRIS. To solve this non-convex problem, a sequential optimization method is conceived, wherein the UE having the poorest channel is identified first, which is termed as the worst-case UE. Then the phase shifter coefficients of the NDRIS are optimized using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) followed by the hybrid transmit precoder (TPC) and receiver combiner (RC) design using the Karcher mean, the least squares and the regularized zero forcing (RZF) principles. Finally, the optimal power allocation is computed using the path-following algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed NDRIS-HBF system yields an improved worst-case UE rate in comparison to its conventional diagonal RIS (DRIS)-HBF counterpart, while approaching the half-duplex relay (HDR)-HBF benchmark for large values of the number of reflecting elements (REs). Furthermore, the energy efficiency (EE) of the NDRIS structure is significantly higher than that of the DRIS, HDR systems, while being higher than that achieved by the full-duplex relay (FDR) system at high SNR.INDEX TERMS Millimeter wave, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), hybrid beamforming, multipleinput multiple-output, max-min fairness, energy efficiency.

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“…Leveraging the nongyrotropic bianisotropic susceptibility components, it is possible to realize nonreciprocal phaseshifting unit cells that provide different phases of transmission for forward and backward excitations [12]. Those nonreciprocal phase-shifting unit cells can then be assembled into supercells able to provide arbitrary different phase-gradients in the forward and backward directions.…”

Section: A Nonreciprocal Phase-gradientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Bianisotropic GSTC-based Metasurfaces

Lavigne¹,

Caloz²

2021

Preprint

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Nonreciprocal Phase Gradient Metasurface: Principle and Transistor Implementation

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

A review of recent progress on directional metasurfaces: concept, design, and application

A review of recent progress on directional metasurfaces: concept, design, and application

Joint Transceiver and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Design for Multiuser mmWave MIMO Systems Relying on Non-Diagonal Phase Shift Matrices

Advances in Bianisotropic GSTC-based Metasurfaces

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