Nonresonant Transmission Line Probe for Sensitive Interferometric Electron Spin Resonance Detection

Shrestha, Pragya R.; Abhyankar, Nandita; Anders, Mark; Cheung, Kin P.; Gougelet, Robert M.; Ryan, Jason T.; Szalai, Veronika A.; Campbell, Jason P.

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01730

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…After decades of development and research, the fault barium (distance algorithm) mainly includes the following categories: impedance method, fault analysis method, traveling wave method, frequency-domain method, and artificial intelligence algorithm [6]. Among them, impedance method and fault analysis method are both short-circuit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Transmission Line Fault Location Based on the Fusion of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

Liu

2021

Security and Communication Networks

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After a transmission line fails, quickly and accurately find the fault point and deal with it, which is of great significance to maintaining the normal operation of the power system. Aiming at the problems of low accuracy of traditional traveling wave fault location methods and many affected factors, this paper relies on distributed traveling wave monitoring points arranged on transmission lines to study methods to improve the accuracy of traveling wave fault location on transmission lines. First, when a line fails, a traveling wave signal that moves to both ends will be generated and transmitted along the transmission line. We use the Radon transform algorithm to process the traveling wave signal. Then, this paper uses ant colony algorithm to analyze and verify the location and extent of transmission line faults and then optimizes high-precision collection and processing. Finally, the simulation distance measurement is carried out on double-terminal transmission lines and multiterminal transmission lines (T-shaped lines) with branches. The results show that, for double-ended transmission lines, the algorithm increases the speed of matrix calculations and at the same time makes the fault location error of the transmission grid still maintain the improved effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Transmission Line Fault Location Based on the Fusion of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

Liu

2021

Security and Communication Networks

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“…An excellent alternative to having to choose between either sensitivity or sample access was proposed recently in the form of a non-resonant transmission linebased interferometric EPR detection [161] scheme. This interferometric design was deployed with a classic bilateral B 0 field, but the interferometric EPR is agnostic of B 0 field generation and could be implemented as the basis of another example of unilateral EPR.…”

Section: Non-resonant Epr With An Interferometric Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

EPR Everywhere

Biller

McPeak

2021

Appl Magn Reson

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This review is inspired by the contributions from the University of Denver group to low-field EPR, in honor of Professor Gareth Eaton's 80th birthday. The goal is to capture the spirit of innovation behind the body of work, especially as it pertains to development of new EPR techniques. The spirit of the DU EPR laboratory is one that never sought to limit what an EPR experiment could be, or how it could be applied. The most well-known example of this is the development and recent commercialization of rapid-scan EPR. Both of the Eatons have made it a point to remain knowledgeable on the newest developments in electronics and instrument design. To that end, our review touches on the use of miniaturized electronics and applications of single-board spectrometers based on software-defined radio (SDR) implementations and single-chip voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) arrays. We also highlight several non-traditional approaches to the EPR experiment such as an EPR spectrometer with a "wand" form factor for analysis of the OxyChip, the EPR-MOUSE which enables non-destructive in situ analysis of many non-conforming samples, and interferometric EPR and frequency swept EPR as alternatives to classical high Q resonant structures.

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“…The TRMC measurements rely on electric field coupling to the photoactive sample to sense the change in photoconductivity, while the ESR measurements rely on the magnetic field coupling to sense the spin transitions in DPPH. Detection occurs in transmission mode (rather than the reflection mode) with the transmission line structure inserted into the "sample arm" of the microwave interferometer 22 circuit which operates at X-band frequencies (8−12 GHz).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microwave interferometer is assembled in a Mach-Zehnder configuration 22 which is tuned to null the output in the absence of a transient photoconductivity impedance change. The output of the microwave interferometer is amplified and then demodulated (homodyne) to reveal the transient impedance change.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18−21 The work presented here circumvents many of the experimental hurdles in observing the complex transient impedance changes using cavity-based detection schemes by utilizing a microwave interferometric detection scheme. 22 To sense small impedance changes, the microwave interferometric detection circuit is coupled to semiconducting thin films through a coplanar transmission line probe. A nanosecond pulsed laser is used to photogenerate charge carriers in these films.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resolving Complex Photoconductivity of Perovskite and Organic Semiconductor Films Using Phase-Sensitive Microwave Interferometry

et al. 2023

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Complex transient photoconductivity (Δσ) contains rich fingerprints of charge recombination dynamics in photoactive films. However, a direct measure of both real (Δσ′) and imaginary (Δσ″) components has proven difficult using conventional cavity-based time-resolved microwave conductivity approaches. Here, we present a novel approach to resolve Δσ′ and Δσ″ parts of Δσ by using a nonresonant coplanar transmission line and a microwave interferometric detection scheme. The use of a phase-sensitive microwave interferometer greatly increases the measurement sensitivity and eliminates the requirement of a resonant cavity. This broadband detection scheme allows for direct measurement of Δσ. The relationship between the experimental phase shift and Δσ′ and Δσ″ components is decoded through an in situ electron spin resonance (ESR) measurement. ESR line shape analysis is used to confirm the assignment of the transients to the Δσ′ and Δσ″ components. We demonstrate the utility of this technique on thin films of poly(3-hexylthiophene): [6,6]-phenylC61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) and perovskite MA0.85FA0.15PbI3 films on glass.

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Nonresonant Transmission Line Probe for Sensitive Interferometric Electron Spin Resonance Detection

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Research on Transmission Line Fault Location Based on the Fusion of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

Research on Transmission Line Fault Location Based on the Fusion of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

EPR Everywhere

Resolving Complex Photoconductivity of Perovskite and Organic Semiconductor Films Using Phase-Sensitive Microwave Interferometry

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