Nonsensory neglect from parietotemporal lesions in monkeys

Valenstein, Edward; Heilman, Kenneth M.; Watson, Robert; Abell, Thomas Van Den

doi:10.1212/wnl.32.10.1198

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Dr. Geschwind still gave Saturday morning rounds at BCH as well as in the Aphasia Unit of the Boston Veterans Hospital. We were influenced by the clinical studies of Ken Heilman at the University of Florida in Gainesville, another BCH alumnus who together with colleagues including Ed Valenstein and Bob Watson addressed the neural substrates and clinical phenomenology of attention (Heilman et al 1986;Heilman and Van Den Abell 1980;Watson et al 1981), and of particular note for me at the time, the finding of thalamic neglect-a parietal type syndrome in patients with lesions in the thalamus (Valenstein et al 1982). I remember sitting in the medical library at the Lahey Clinic reading the paper by Marsel Mesulam, also a BCH alumnus then at the Beth Israel Hospital in Boston, on the distributed neural networks subserving attention (Mesulam 1981).…”

Section: Coming To the Questionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Cerebellum in Cognition and Emotion: Personal Reflections Since 1982 on the Dysmetria of Thought Hypothesis, and Its Historical Evolution from Theory to Therapy

2010

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The cognitive neuroscience of the cerebellum is now an established multidisciplinary field of investigation. This essay traces the historical evolution of this line of inquiry from an emerging field to its current status, with personal reflections over almost three decades on this journey of discovery. It pays tribute to early investigators who recognized the wider role of the cerebellum beyond motor control, traces the origins of new terms and concepts including the dysmetria of thought theory, the universal cerebellar transform, and the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome, and places these developments within the broader context of the scientific efforts of a growing community of cerebellar cognitive neuroscientists. This account considers the converging evidence from theoretical, anatomical, physiological, clinical, and functional neuroimaging approaches that have resulted in the transition from recognizing the cerebellar incorporation into the distributed neural circuits subserving cognition and emotion, to a hopeful new era of treatment of neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations of cerebellar diseases, and to cerebellar-based interventions for psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Coming To the Questionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Cerebellum in Cognition and Emotion: Personal Reflections Since 1982 on the Dysmetria of Thought Hypothesis, and Its Historical Evolution from Theory to Therapy

2010

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“…Recent investigations have provided further evidence that neglect of left hemi-space involves a failure of response activation and/or arousal (Cohen, Smith, & Fisher, 1991;Coslett, Bowers, & Heilman, 1987;Coslett & Heilman, 1989;Coslett, Bowers, Fitzpatrick, Haws, & Heilman, 1990;Valenstein, Van Den Abell, Watson, & Heilman, 1982;Verfaellie, Bowers, & Heilman, 1988;Verfaellie, Rapcsak, & Heilman, 1990).…”

Section: Experimental Evidence For An Attentional Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuropsychology of Attention

Cohen

1993

Critical Issues in Neuropsychology

211

118

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A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher.Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1993 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1993All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher An unfortunate case of "hemispatial" inattention. ("M Babinet prevenu par sa portiere de Ia visite de Ia comete." From Le Charivari, 1858, by Honore Daumier. Babcock Bequest; Courtesy of Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts.) PrefaceAt the beginning of this project, I was struck by several paradoxes regarding the study of attentional phenomena within neuropsychology. On one hand, the concept of attention has been central to the historical development of psychology. Attention was considered a fundamental and inescapable aspect of human experience by Wilhelm Wundt, William James, and the other founders of modern psychology. On the other hand, for much of the 20th century, psychologists tried desperately to avoid acknowledging the need for an attentional construct. Because attention has an intangible quality and cannot be specified as a unitary process, many behavioral scientists considered the construct of attention theoretically incoherent. Some of their concerns regarding the nature of attentional phenomena were clearly justified. It is also apparent, however, that explanations of behavior and cognition that fail to account for attentional phenomena cannot fully capture human experience.Recently, there has been a shift in zeitgeist, and attention has received more favorable treatment within the cognitive neurosciences. Humans cannot handle an infinite amount of simultaneous information. Therefore, cognitive processes must exist that direct our focus to information that is important, and that permit the selection of stimuli and responses from the large universe of alternatives. Regardless of whether one advocates the existence of a discrete attentional process, it is necessary to account for the occurrence of those phenomena that we normally label as aspects of attention. Consideration of the mechanisms underlying the selection of information and the control of stimulus and response processes is critical if we hope to understand human cognitive experience.The necessity of studying the mechanisms underlying attentional phenomena is particularly evident within neuropsychology. Patients with brain disorders frequently do not perform at optimal levels, even when task variables are held constant. They may fail to detect an object in the environment, even though it can be demonstrated that they have adequate perceptual capability. Reference to performance deficits stemming from attentional dysfunction is common in cl...

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“…The intentional (motor) hypothesis of neglect proposes that patients with spatial neglect may fail to act in or towards a portion of space. ' Horizontal hemispatial intentional neglect has been described in animal models of neglect as the result of parietotemporal, [13][14][15] frontal,"3 16 thalamic,'7 and mesencephalic reticular lesions. '3 Horizontal (primarily) left intentional neglect has been noted in patients with right sided cerebral lesions, either parietal,'8 19 frontal,'9-22 or basal-ganglionic'8 in location.…”

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confidence: 99%